Before We Are Born Elsevier eBook on VitalSource,9th Edition
As the study of embryology continues to be integrated with a range of disciplines, Before We Are Born remains the ideal solution for students who need to quickly learn the basics. Fully updated by the world’s foremost embryologists, this medical reference book provides concise guidance on human embryology at every stage of development, utilizing rich illustrations and photographs designed to further explain content.
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Key Features
- Understand all of the latest advances in embryology, including normal and abnormal embryogenesis, causes of birth defects, and the role of genes in human development.
- See how discoveries in molecular biology have affected clinical practice, including the development of sophisticated new techniques such as recumbent DNA technology and stem cell manipulation.
- Prepare for the USMLE Step 1 with clinical case presentations, highlighted in special boxes, which demonstrate how embryology concepts relate to clinical practice.
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New to This Edition
- Quickly review just the embryology information you need to know, masterfully distilled from the popular book The Developing Human, written by the same author team.
- Understand the complex concepts inherent in embryology with help from streamlined content, didactic illustrations, and clinical photos.
- Test your knowledge with brand-new review questions at the end of each chapter.
- Searchable, portable, shareable, and perpetual, this Student Consult title offers enhanced features that allow you to interact with your content like never before.
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Contents
1 - Introduction to Human Development
Importance of and Advances in Embryology
Descriptive Terms
Clinically Oriented Questions
2 - Human Reproduction
Reproductive Organs
Female Reproductive Organs
Male Reproductive Organs
Gametogenesis
Meiosis
Spermatogenesis
Oogenesis
Comparison of Male and Female Gametes
Female Reproductive Cycles
Ovarian Cycle
Menstrual Cycle
Transportation of Gametes
Oocyte Transport
Sperm Transport
Maturation of Sperms
Viability of Oocytes and Sperms
Clinically Oriented Questions
3 - First Week of Human Development
Fertilization
Phases of Fertilization
Results of Fertilization
Cleavage of Zygote
Formation of Blastocyst
Clinically Oriented Questions
4 - Second Week of Human Development
Formation of Amniotic Cavity, Embryonic Disc, and Umbilical Vesicle
Development of Chorionic Sac
Implantation Sites of Blastocytes
Clinically Oriented Questions
5 - Third Week of Human Development
Gastrulation: Formation of Germ Layers
Primitive Streak
Notochordal Process and Notochord
Neurulation: Formation of the Neural Tube
Neural Plate and Neural Tube
Neural Crest Formation
Development of Somites
Development of Intraembryonic Coelom
Early Development of Cardiovascular System
Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis
Development of Chorionic Villi
Clinically Oriented Questions
6 - Fourth to Eighth Weeks of Human Development
Folding of Embryo
Head and Tail Folds
Lateral Folds
Germ Layer Derivatives
Control of Embryonic Development
Estimation of Embryonic Age
Highlights of the Fourth to Eighth Weeks
Fourth Week
Fifth Week
Sixth Week
Seventh Week
Eighth Week
Clinically Oriented Questions
7 - Fetal Period: The Ninth Week to Birth
Highlights of Fetal Period
Nine to Twelve Weeks
Thirteen to Sixteen Weeks
Seventeen to Twenty Weeks
Twenty-One to Twenty-Five Weeks
Twenty-Six to Twenty-Nine Weeks
Thirty to Thirty-Eight Weeks
Expected Date of Delivery
Factors Influencing Fetal Growth
Procedures for Assessing Fetal Status
Ultrasonography
Diagnostic Amniocentesis
Chorionic Villus Sampling
Cell Cultures
Percutaneous Umbilical Cord Blood Sampling
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Fetal Monitoring
Alpha-Fetoprotein Assay
Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis
Neonatal Period
Clinically Oriented Questions
8 – Placenta and Fetal Membranes
Placenta
Decidua
Development of Placenta
Fetomaternal Junction
Intervillous Space
Amniochorionic Membrane
Placental Circulation
Parturition
Stages of Labor
Placenta and Fetal membranes after Birth
Umbilical Cord
Amnion and Amniotic Fluid
Significance of Amniotic Fluid
Umbilical Vesicle
Significance of Umbilical Vesicle
Allantois
Multiple Pregnancies
Twins and Fetal Membranes
Other Types of Multiple Births
Clinically Oriented Questions
9 - Body Cavities, Mesenteries, and Diaphragm
Embryonic Body Cavity
Mesenteries
Division of Embryonic Body Cavity
Development of Diaphragm
Septum Transversum
Pleuroperitoneal Membranes
Dorsal Mesentery of Esophagus
Muscular Ingrowth from Lateral Body Walls
Positional Changes and Innervation of the Diaphragm
Clinically Oriented Questions
10 - Pharyngeal Apparatus, Face, and Neck
Pharyngeal Arches
Pharyngeal Arch Components
Pharyngeal Pouches
Derivatives of Pharyngeal Pouches
Pharyngeal Grooves
Pharyngeal Membranes
Development of Thyroid Gland
Development of Tongue
Lingual Papillae and Taste Buds
Nerve Supply of Tongue
Development of Salivary Glands
Development of Face
Development of Nasal Cavities
Paranasal Sinuses
Development of Palate
Primary Palate
Secondary Palate
Clinically Oriented Questions
11 - Respiratory System
Development of Larynx
Development of Trachea
Development of Bronchi and Lungs
Maturation of Lungs
Clinically Oriented Questions
12 - Alimentary System
Foregut
Development of Esophagus
Development of Stomach
Development of Duodenum
Development of Liver and Biliary Apparatus
Development of Pancreas
Development of Spleen
Midgut
Rotation of Midgut Loop
Cecum and Appendix
Hindgut
Cloaca
Anal Canal
Clinically Oriented Questions
13 - Urogenital System
Development of Urinary System
Development of Kidneys and Ureters
Positional Changes of Kidneys
Changes in Blood Supply of Kidneys
Development of Urinary Bladder
Development of Urethra
Development of Suprarenal Glands
Development of Genital System
Development of Gonads
Development of Genital Ducts
Development of External Genitalia
Development of Inguinal Canals
Relocation of Testes and Ovaries
Descent of Testes
Descent of Ovaries
Clinically Oriented Questions
14 – Cardiovascular System
Early Development of Heart and Blood Vessels
Development of Veins Associated with Embryonic Heart
Pharyngeal Arch Arteries and Other Branches of the Dorsal Aorta
Fate of Vitelline and Umbilical Arteries
Later Development of Heart
Circulation through Primordial Heart
Partitioning of Primordial Heart
Changes in Sinus Venosus
Primordial Pulmonary Vein and Form
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Authors
Keith L. Moore, BA, MSc, PhD, DSc, FIAC, FRSM, FAAA, Professor Emeritus, Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, Former Professor and Chair, Department of Anatomy and Associate Dean for Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Former Professor and Head of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, T. V. N. Persaud, MD, PhD, DSc, FRCPath (Lond.), FAAA, Professor Emeritus and Former Head, Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science; Professor of Pediatrics and Child Health; Associate Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Professor of Anatomy, St. George’s University, Grenada, West Indies and Mark G. Torchia, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor and Director of Development, Department of Surgery, Associate Professor, Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Director, Centre for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
