Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2019 Elsevier eBook on VitalSource (Retail Access Card), 1st Edition

SECTION I Diseases and Disorders

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, 3

Abruptio Placentae, 7

Absence Seizures, 9

Acetaminophen Poisoning, 10

Achalasia, 11

Acne Vulgaris, 14

Acoustic Neuroma, 18

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, 19

Acute Bronchitis, 27

Acute Coronary Syndrome, 29

Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN), 35

Acute Kidney Injury, 39

Acute Liver Failure, 44

Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding, 48

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), 50

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia, 53

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML), 56

Acute Pelvic Pain in Women, 60

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

(ARDS), 62

Acute Tubular Necrosis, 66

Acute Urinary Retention (AUR), 68

Adrenal Insufficiency, 70

Alcohol Abuse, 72

Alcoholic Hepatitis, 76

Aldosteronism (Hyperaldosteronism, Primary), 78

Allergic Rhinitis, 80

Alopecia, 81

Alzheimer’s Disease, 84

Amaurosis Fugax, 87

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, 88

Anaerobic Infections, 90

Anaphylaxis, 91

Anemia, Autoimmune Hemolytic, 92

Anemia, Inflammatory, 95

Anemia, Iron Deficiency, 97

Anemia, Pernicious, 99

Angina Pectoris, 101

Angioedema, 107

Ankylosing Spondylitis, 109

Anorexia Nervosa, 111

Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis, 113

Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome, 114

Anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder), 117

Aortic Dissection, 118

Aortic Regurgitation, 122

Aortic Stenosis, 126

Appendicitis, 130

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular

Dysplasia, 133

Asbestosis, 136

Ascariasis, 137

Ascites, 138

Aspergillosis, 142

Aspiration Pneumonia, 145

Asthma, 147

Astrocytoma, 158

Atelectasis, 160

Atopic Dermatitis, 161

Atrial Fibrillation, 164

Atrial Flutter, 169

Atrial Myxoma, 173

Atrial Septal Defect, 175

Atrioventricular Dissociation, 178

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 181

Autism Spectrum Disorder, 183

Autoimmune Hepatitis, 185

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), 188

AV Malformations, Cerebral, 191

Avascular Necrosis, 193

Babesiosis, 196

Barrett Esophagus, 199

Basal Cell Carcinoma, 202

Bedbug Bite, 205

Bell Palsy, 207

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, 209

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), 212

Binge Eating Disorder (BED), 214

Bipolar Disorder, 216

Bite Wounds, 218

Bites and Stings, Arachnids, 220

Bites and Stings, Insect, 221

Bites, Snake, 223

Bladder Cancer, 227

Bladder Pain Syndrome, 230

Bone Tumor, Primary Malignant, 232

Brain Abscess, 234

Brain Metastases, 236

Brain Neoplasm, Benign and Low Grade, 238

Brain Neoplasm, Glioblastoma, 240

Breast Abscess, 241

Breast Cancer, 242

Bronchiectasis, 247

Brugada Syndrome, 249

Budd-Chiari Syndrome, 252

Bulimia Nervosa, 255

Burns, 257

Cancer of Unknown Primary, 261

Candidiasis, Cutaneous, 263

Candidiasis, Invasive, 265

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, 267

Cardiac Tamponade, 269

Cardiomyopathy, Chemical-Induced, 271

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, 275

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, 277

Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive, 282

Carotid Sinus Syndrome, 285

Carotid Stenosis, 287

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, 289

Cat-Scratch Disease, 290

Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis, 291

Celiac Disease, 293

Cellulitis, 296

Cervical Artery Dissection, 298

Cervical Cancer, 300

Cervical Dysplasia, 304

Cervicitis, 307

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting, 308

Child Abuse and Neglect, 309

Chlamydia Genital Infections, 312

Cholangitis, 315

Cholecystitis, 316

Choledocholithiasis, 317

Cholelithiasis, 319

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, 321

Chronic Kidney Disease, 322

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), 326

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), 329

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 331

Cirrhosis, 337

Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy (CCM), 340

Claudication, 342

Clostridium difficile Infection, 347

Cluster Headache, 349

Cocaine Overdose, 351

Colorectal Cancer, 354

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, 357

Concussion, 359

Condyloma Acuminatum, 361

Conjunctivitis, 363

Connective Tissue Disease–Associated Vasculitis, 366

Constipation, 367

Contact Dermatitis, 371

Contraception, 372

Conversion Disorder (Functional

Neurologic Symptom Disorder), 375

Cor Pulmonale, 377

Coronary Artery Disease, 380

Crohn’s Disease, 389

Cryoglobulinemia, 391

Cryptococcosis, 393

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia, 394

Cryptosporidium Infection, 396

Cushing’s Disease and Syndrome, 397

Cyanosis, 400

Cystic Fibrosis, 403

Cysticercosis, 406

De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis, 408

Deep Vein Thrombosis, 409

Delirium, 413

Delirium Tremens, 416

Dementia With Lewy bodies, 417

Depression, Major, 419

Dermatitis Herpetiformis, 422

Diabetes Mellitus, 424

Diabetic Foot, 434

Diabetic Ketoacidosis, 436

Diabetic Polyneuropathy, 438

Diabetic Retinopathy, 441

Diarrhea, Persistent, 443

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis

(DISH), 446

Diplopia, 448

Discoid Lupus, 451

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, 454

Diverticular Disease (Diverticulosis, Diverticulitis, Diverticular Hemorrhage), 457

Drug Abuse, 460

Drug-Induced Liver Injury, 463

Drug-Induced Parenchymal Lung Disease

(DILD), 467

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding, 469

Dysmenorrhea, 471

Dyspepsia, Nonulcerative, 472

Dysphagia, 474

Early Repolarization Syndrome, 476

Echinococcosis, 479

Eclampsia, 481

Ectopic Pregnancy, 483

Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis, 485

Ejaculation and Orgasm Disorders, 488

Elder Abuse, 492

Empyema, 494

Encephalitis, Acute Viral, 495

Encephalopathy, 497

Endocarditis, Infective, 499

Endometrial Cancer, 505

Endometriosis, 507

Enteropathic Arthritis, 509

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), 511

Epididymitis, 513

Epidural Abscess, 514

Epidural Hematoma, 515

Epiglottitis, 517

Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, 518

Erectile Dysfunction, 520

Erysipelas, 523

Erythema Multiforme, 524

Erythema Nodosum, 525

Esophageal Tumors, 526

Esophageal Varices, 530

Essential Tremor, 533

Factitious Disorder (Including

Munchausen Syndrome), 534

Falls in the Elderly, 536

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Gardner’s Syndrome, 538

Fatty Liver of Pregnancy, Acute, 540

Febrile Seizures, 541

Fever in the Returning Traveler, 543

Fever of Undetermined Origin, 546

Fibrocystic Breast Disease, 548

Fibromyalgia, 549

Folliculitis, 551

Food Allergies, 552

Food Poisoning, Bacterial, 556

Frostbite, 560

Functional Gallbladder Disorder, 562

Galactorrhea, 563

Gastric Cancer, 564 Gastritis, 566

Gastroenteritis, 567

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), 569

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), 572

Giant Cell Arteritis, 575

Giardiasis, 577

Gilbert’s Syndrome, 578

Glaucoma, Open-Angle, 579

Glaucoma, Primary Angle-Closure, 581

Gonorrhea, 582

Goodpasture Disease, 585

Gout, 586

Granuloma Annulare, 588

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis, 589

Graves’ Disease, 592

Guillain-Barré Syndrome, 594

Hallucinogenic Overdose, 596

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease, 598

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, 599

Heart Block, Complete, 601

Heart Block, Second-Degree, 605

Heart Failure, 609

Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke, 626

Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia), 628

Helicobacter pylori Infection, 629

Hemochromatosis, 631

Hemophilia, 633

Hemoptysis, 635

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, 637

Hepatic Encephalopathy, 639

Hepatitis A, 642

Hepatitis B, 644

Hepatitis C, 648

Hepatocellular Carcinoma, 652

Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome, 655

Herpes Simplex, 659

Herpes Simplex Keratitis, 661 Herpes Zoster, 662

Hidradenitis Suppurativa, 664

High-Altitude Sickness, 666

Hip Fracture, 668

Hirsutism, 670

HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy, 673

HIV-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction, 674

Hodgkin Lymphoma, 676

Hookworm, 680

Horner’s Syndrome, 681

Hot Flashes, 683

Human Immunodeficiency Virus, 684

Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure, 696

Hydronephrosis, 698

Hypercholesterolemia, 701

Hypercoagulable State, 706

Hyperemesis Gravidarum, 709

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome, 710

Hyperkalemia, 712

Hyperlipoproteinemia, Primary, 717

Hypernatremia, 720

Hyperparathyroidism, 723

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, 726

Hypersplenism, 728

Hypertension, 729

Hyperthyroidism, 736

Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy, 738

Hyperuricemia, 740

Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), 742

Hypoaldosteronism, 744

Hypoglycemia, 745

Hypogonadism, Male, 747

Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis, 750

Hyponatremia, 751

Hypoparathyroidism, 754

Hypopituitarism, 756 Hypothermia, 759

Hypothyroidism, 761

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, 763

IgA Nephropathy, 766

IgA Vasculitis, 769

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, 771

Impetigo, 773

Incontinence, Bowel, Elderly Patient, 775

Incontinence, Urinary, 778

Infertility, 782

Inflammatory Myopathies, 784

Influenza, 787 Insomnia, 790

Interstitial Lung Disease, 793

Interstitial Nephritis, 796

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, 798

Ischemic Hepatitis, 802

Jaundice in the Adult Patient, 803

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, 806

Kaposi Sarcoma, 809

Labyrinthitis, 810

Lactic Acidosis, 811

Lactose Intolerance, 812

Laryngitis, 813

Lead Poisoning, 814

Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease, 816

Lemierre Syndrome, 817

Lichen Planus, 818

Lichen Sclerosus, 820

Lichen Simplex Chronicus, 821

Listeriosis, 822

Liver Abscess, 823

Long QT Syndrome, 825

Lung Abscess, 828

Lung Neoplasms, Primary, 830

Lyme Disease, 835

Lymphangitis, 837

Lymphedema, 838

Lynch Syndrome, 840

Macular Degeneration, 842

Malabsorption, 844

Malaria, 847

Malignant Hyperthermia, 852

Mallory-Weiss Tear, 855

Mastitis, 856

Mastodynia, 858

Mastoiditis, 859

Mediastinitis, 860

Meigs’ Syndrome, 862

Melanoma, 863

Ménière’s Disease, 866

Meningioma, 867

Meningitis, Bacterial, 869

Meningitis, Viral, 872

Meniscal Tear, 873

Menopause, 875

Mesenteric Adenitis, 877

Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis, 878

Mesothelioma, Malignant, 880

Methanol and Ethylene Glycol Poisoning, 882

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 884

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia, 885

Microsporidiosis, 887

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

(MERS), 888

Migraine Headache, 889

Mild Cognitive Impairment, 892

Mitral Regurgitation, 893

Mitral Stenosis, 897

Mitral Valve Prolapse, 900

Molar Pregnancy, 902

Molluscum Contagiosum, 905

Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS), 906

Mononucleosis, 908

Mucormycosis, 910

Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Rods

(MDR-GNRs), 911

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia, 912

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, 913

Multiple Myeloma, 915

Multiple Sclerosis, 918

Mushroom Poisoning, 921

Myasthenia Gravis, 922

Myelodysplastic Syndromes, 924

Myocardial Infarction, 926

Myocarditis, 934

Myoclonus, 937

Myofascial Pain Syndrome, 938

Myotonia, 940

Narcolepsy, 941

Necrotizing Fasciitis, 944

Nephrotic Syndrome, 946

Neurocognitive Disorders, 949

Neurofibromatosis, 951

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, 953

Neuropathic Pain, 954

Neuropathy, Hereditary, 957

New Onset Seizures, 959

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, 961

Nonallergic Rhinitis, 963

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, 965

Obesity, 969

Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome, 973

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, 975

Opioid Overdose, 976

Opioid Use Disorder, 977

Optic Neuritis, 980

Oral Cancer, 981

Oral Hairy, Leukoplakia, 983

Orchitis, 984

Orthostatic Hypotension, 985

Osteoarthritis, 987 Osteomyelitis, 989

Osteoporosis, 991

Otitis Externa, 994

Otitis Media, 996

Ovarian Cancer, 998

Ovarian Neoplasm, Benign, 1000

Paget’s Disease of Bone, 1001

Paget’s Disease of the Breast, 1002

Pain Management in Chronic Pain, 1003

Pancreatic Cancer (Exocrine), 1006

Pancreatitis, Acute, 1010

Pancreatitis, Chronic, 1015

Panic Disorder, With or Without Agoraphobia, 1020

Panniculitis, 1022

Paraneoplastic Syndromes, 1024

Parkinson’s Disease, 1028

Partial Seizures, 1031

Pediculosis, 1033

Pelvic Abscess, 1035

Pelvic Congestion Syndrome, 1036

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, 1038

Pelvic Organ Prolapse, 1040

Peptic Ulcer Disease, 1043

Pericarditis, 1045

Periodic Limb Movement Disorder, 1050

Peripheral Artery Disease, 1052

Perirectal Abscess, 1057

Peritonitis, Secondary, 1058

Peritonsillar Abscess, 1059

Pertussis, 1061

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and Other

Polyposis Syndromes, 1063 Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis, 1065

Pheochromocytoma, 1067

Pilonidal Disease, 1069

Pinworms, 1070

Pituitary Adenoma, 1071

Placenta Previa, 1074

Pleural Effusion, 1076

Pleurisy, 1079

Pneumonia, Bacterial, 1080

Pneumonia, Mycoplasma, 1087

Pneumonia, Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii), 1089

Pneumonia, Viral, 1091

Pneumothorax, Spontaneous, 1094

Polyarteritis Nodosa, 1098

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, 1100

Polycythemia Vera, 1104

Polymyalgia Rheumatica, 1106

Porphyrias, 1107

Portal Hypertension, 1109

Portal Vein Thrombosis, 1112

Postconcussive Syndrome, 1113

Postherpetic Neuralgia, 1115

Postpartum Depression, 1117

Postpartum Hemorrhage, 1118

Postthrombotic Syndrome, 1120

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, 1121

Preeclampsia, 1123

Premature Rupture of Membranes, 1126

Premenstrual Syndrome, 1128

Pressure Injury, 1130

Preterm Labor, 1133

Primary Biliary Cholangitis, 1135

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, 1138

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, 1139

Prolactinoma, 1142

Prostate Cancer, 1144

Prostatitis, 1148

Pseudogout, 1150

Psoriasis, 1152

Psoriatic Arthritis, 1154

Psychosis, 1156

Pulmonary Edema, 1158

Pulmonary Embolism, 1161

Pulmonary Hypertension, 1167

Pulseless Electrical Activity, 1173

Pyelonephritis, 1174

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, 1178

Raynaud’s Phenomenon, 1179

Reiter’s Syndrome (Reactive Arthritis), 1183

Renal Abscess, 1184

Renal Artery Stenosis, 1185 Renal Cell Carcinoma, 1189

Renal Tubular Acidosis, 1191

Renal Vein Thrombosis, 1193

Restless Legs Syndrome, 1194

Retropharyngeal Abscess, 1196

Rh Incompatibility, 1198

Rhabdomyolysis, 1201

Rheumatoid Arthritis, 1204

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, 1208

Rosacea, 1210

Roseola, 1212

Salivary Gland Neoplasms, 1213

Salmonellosis, 1214

Sarcoidosis, 1216

Sarcoma, 1219

Scabies, 1222

Schizophrenia, 1225

Sciatica, 1227 Scleritis, 1230

Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis), 1231

Scoliosis, 1235

Seborrheic Dermatitis (SD), 1237

Seizures, Generalized Tonic Clonic, 1238

Sepsis, 1240

Septic Arthritis, 1243

Serotonin Syndrome, 1245

Sexual Assault, 1247

Sexual Dysfunction in Women, 1250

Shaken Baby Syndrome, 1253

Shigellosis, 1254

Short Bowel Syndrome, 1255

Short QT Syndrome, 1258

Sialadenitis, 1260

Sialolithiasis, 1261

Sick Sinus Syndrome, 1262

Sickle Cell Disease, 1263

Silicosis, 1267

Sinusitis, 1268

Sjögren’s Syndrome, 1270

Sleep Apnea, 1273

Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO), 1278

Small Bowel Obstruction, 1280

Somatic Cough Syndrome and Tic Cough, 1282

Somatic Symptom Disorder, 1284

Spinal Cord Compression, 1285

Spinal Epidural Abscess, 1288

Spinal Stenosis, Cervical Spine, 1290

Spinal Stenosis, Lumbar, 1292

Spontaneous Abortion, 1294

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis, 1296

Squamous Cell Carcinoma, 1297

Statin-Induced Muscle Syndrome, 1299

Status Epilepticus, 1301

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, 1304

Stomatitis/Mucositis, 1306

Stroke, Acute Ischemic, 1307

Stroke, Hemorrhagic, 1311

Stroke, Secondary Prevention, 1314

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, 1316

Subclavian Steal Syndrome, 1319

Subdural Hematoma, 1320

Substance Use Disorder, 1321

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, 1323

Supraventricular Tachycardia, 1325

Syncope, 1328

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis, 1331

Synthetic Cannabinoids, 1334

Syphilis, 1335

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, 1338

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, 1342

Tapeworm Infestation, 1344

Tardive Dyskinesia, 1346

Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome, 1347

Tension-Type Headache, 1348

Testicular Cancer, 1349

Testicular Torsion, 1352

Thalassemias, 1354

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, 1357

Thrombocytosis, 1359

Thrombophlebitis, Superficial Venous, 1361

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, 1362

Thyroid Carcinoma, 1364

Thyroid Nodule, 1366

Thyroiditis, 1368

Tinea Capitis, 1369

Tinea Corporis, 1372

Tinea Cruris, 1373

Tinea Pedis, 1374

Tinea Unguium, 1375

Tinea Versicolor, 1377

Tinnitus, 1378

Torsade de Pointes, 1379

Tourette’s Syndrome, 1382

Toxic Megacolon, 1384

Toxic Shock Syndrome, 1386

Toxoplasmosis, 1388

Transfusion Reaction, Hemolytic, 1392

Transient Global Amnesia, 1394

Transient Ischemic Attack, 1395

Transverse Myelitis, 1397

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), 1399

Traveler’s Diarrhea, 1403

Trigeminal Neuralgia, 1405

Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (Trochanteric Bursitis), 1406

Tuberculosis, Miliary, 1408

Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, 1410

Tumor Lysis Syndrome, 1413

Ulcerative Colitis, 1416

Urethritis, Gonococcal, 1421

Urethritis, Nongonococcal, 1422

Urinary Tract Infection, 1423

Urolithiasis (Nephrolithiasis), 1426

Urticaria, 1432

Uterine Fibroids, 1434

Uterine Malignancy, 1437

Uveitis, 1438

Vaginal Bleeding During Pregnancy, 1439

Vaginal Malignancy, 1440

Vaginismus, 1441

Vaginitis, Prepubescent, 1442

Vaginitis, Trichomonas, 1443

Vaginosis, Bacterial, 1444

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE), 1445

Vasculitis, Systemic, 1446

Venous Insufficiency, Chronic, 1449

Venous Ulcers, 1451

Ventricular Fibrillation, 1453

Ventricular Septal Defect, 1455

Ventricular Tachycardia, 1458

Vertebral Compression Fractures, 1464

Vestibular Neuronitis, 1466

Vitamin D Deficiency, 1467

Vitamin Deficiency (Hypovitaminosis), 1469

Vitiligo, 1471

Von Willebrand’s Disease, 1473

Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, 1475

Warts, 1477

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome, 1480

Additional Topics Available at www.expertconsult.com

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Achilles Tendon Rupture

Acromegaly

Actinic Keratosis

Actinomycosis

Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction

(Ogilvie’s Syndrome)

Acute Stress Disorder

Adult-Onset Still’s Disease

Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency

Amblyopia

Amebiasis

Amenorrhea

Amyloidosis

Anal Fissure

Anemia, Aplastic

Anemia, Sideroblastic

Angular Cheilitis

Ankle Fracture

Ankle Sprain

Anorectal Fistula

Anoxic Brain Injury

Anthrax

Aortic Coarctation

Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome

Ataxia

Ataxia Telangiectasia

Baker’s Cyst

Balanitis

Bartholin’s Gland Cyst and Abscess

Bartter Syndrome

Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystal Deposition Disease

Behçet’s Disease

Biceps Tendonitis

Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

Blastomycosis

Blepharitis

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder

Botulism

Breech Birth

Brucellosis

Bruxism

Bullous Pemphigoid

Burning Mouth Syndrome

Bursitis

Calcium-Alkali Syndrome

Carcinoid Syndrome

Cardiorenal Syndrome

Cataracts

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Vasculitis

Cervical Disc Syndromes

Cervical Insufficiency

Cervical Polyps

Chagas’ Disease

Chancroid

Charcot Joint

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholera

Chorea

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Coccidioidomycosis

Cogan’s Syndrome

Colorado Tick Fever

Compartment Syndrome

Conduct Disorder

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

(CI-AKI)

Corneal Abrasion

Corneal Ulceration

Costochondritis

Craniopharyngioma

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)

Cryptorchidism

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Cutaneous Larva Migrans

Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

Cytomegalovirus Infection

Delayed Puberty

Delusional Parasitosis

Dengue Fever

Dependent Personality Disorder

Diabetes Insipidus

Digoxin Overdose

Diphtheria

Dissociative Disorders

Down Syndrome

Drowning

Dumping Syndrome

Dupuytren’s Contracture

Dyspareunia

Dystonia

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Electrical and Lightning Injury

Emergency Contraception

Encopresis

Endometritis

Enuresis

Eosinophilic Fasciitis

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

Eosinophilic Pneumonias

Epicondylitis

Epiploic Appendagitis

Episcleritis

Epistaxis

Erythema Elevatum Diutinum

Failure to Thrive (Pediatric)

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)

Felty’s Syndrome

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19 Infection)

Filariasis

Friedreich’s Ataxia

Frozen Shoulder

Ganglia

Gastrinoma

Gender Dysphoria Disorder and Gender Nonconformity

Gingivitis

Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative (NUG)

Glenohumeral Dislocation

Glossitis

Granuloma Inguinale

Granulomatous Arthritis

Grief, Complicated or Prolonged

Gynecomastia

Hairy Cell Leukemia

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

Health Care-Associated Infections (HAIs)

HELLP Syndrome

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome

Hemorrhoids

Hepatitis D

Hepatitis E

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

Hepatorenal Syndrome

Herpangina

Hiatal Hernia

Histocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histocytosis)

Histoplasmosis

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Hoarding Disorder

Huntington’s Disease

Hydrocele

Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

Hypochondriasis (Illness Anxiety Disorder)

Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitis

Hypospadias

ID Reaction

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Inclusion Body Myositis

Infantile Hypotonia

Influenza, Avian

Insulinoma

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Intraventricular Conduction Delay (IVCD)

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Kawasaki Disease

Keloid

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

Korsakoff’s Psychosis

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

Laryngeal Carcinoma

Leishmaniasis

Leprosy

Leptospirosis

Liver Transplantation

Lumbar Disk Syndrome

Lymphogranuloma Venereum

Marfan’s Syndrome

Mastocytosis

Measles (Rubeola)

Meckel Diverticulum

Meningitis, Fungal

Meningomyelocele

Meralgia Paresthetica

Metabolic Syndrome

Metatarsalgia

Microscopic Polyangiitis

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease

Morton Neuroma

Motion Sickness

Multiple System Atrophy

Mumps

Muscular Dystrophy

Mycosis Fungoides

Myxedema Coma

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Nasal Polyps

Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy (NAM)

Nephroblastoma

Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

Neuroblastoma

Nocardiosis

Ocular Foreign Body

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Optic Atrophy

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

Osler-Rendu-Weber Syndrome

Osteochondritis Dissecans

Otosclerosis (Otospongiosis)

Over-the-Counter Medication Use in Pregnancy

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Paraphilic Disorders

Paronychia

Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Patent Foramen Ovale

Pediatric Medication Errors

Pedophilic Disorder

Torticollis

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Tracheitis

Trichinosis

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Tricuspid Stenosis

Tricyclic Antidepressant Overdose

Trigger Finger

Tropical Sprue

Tuberous Sclerosis

Tularemia

Turner Syndrome

Typhoid Fever

Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis

Urticaria, Chronic

Vaginal Fistulas

Vaginitis, Estrogen-Deficient

Vaginitis, Fungal

Varicella

Varicocele

Varicose Veins

Viral Bronchiolitis

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Vulvar Cancer

Wernicke Syndrome

West Nile Virus Infection

Whiplash

Whipple’s Disease

Wilson’s Disease

Yellow Fever

Pemphigus Vulgaris

Peyronie’s Disease

Phobias

Piriformis Syndrome

Pityriasis Rosea Plantar Fasciitis

Poison Ivy Dermatitis

Poliomyelitis

Polypharmacy

Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)

Precocious Puberty

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Preoperative Evaluation

Priapism

Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System

Primary Immunodeficiency Disease

Primary Myelofibrosis

Progressive Multifocal

Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Pronator Syndrome

Pruritus Ani

Pruritus Vulvae

Psittacosis

Pure Red Cell Aplasia

Pyoderma Gangrenosum

Pyogenic Granuloma

Q Fever

Quadrilateral Space Syndrome

Rabies

Radiation Exposure

Rectal Prolapse Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Retinal Detachment

Retinal Hemorrhage

Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinoblastoma

Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

Reye’s Syndrome

Rheumatic Fever

Rickets

Rotator Cuff Disease

Rubella

Scarlet Fever

Schistosomiasis

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Sheehan’s Syndrome

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

Smallpox

Social Anxiety Disorder

Spasticity

Spina Bifida

Spinocerebellar Ataxia

Sporotrichosis

Strabismus

Sturge-Weber Syndrome

Stuttering

Stye (Hordeolum)

Suicide

Syringomyelia

Tabes Dorsalis

Takayasu’s Arteritis

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Tetanus

Tetralogy of Fallot

Thromboangiitis Obliterans

Thyrotoxic Storm

Zenker’s (Pharyngoesophageal) Diverticulum

Zika Virus 

SECTION II Differential Diagnosis

Abdominal Distention, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Adolescence, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Childhood, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Chronic Lower, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Diffuse, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Epigastric, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Extraabdominal and Systemic Causes, 1485

Abdominal Pain, Infancy, 1486

Abdominal Pain, Left Lower Quadrant, 1486

Abdominal Pain, Left Upper Quadrant, 1486

Abdominal Pain, Nonsurgical Causes, 1486

Abdominal Pain, Periumbilical, 1486

Abdominal Pain, Poorly Localized, 1486

Abdominal Pain,

Post-cholecystectomy, 1487

Abdominal Pain, Pregnancy, 1487

Abdominal Pain, Right Lower Quadrant, 1487

Abdominal Pain, Right Upper Quadrant, 1487

Abdominal Pain, Right Upper Quadrant, Differential Diagnosis in Pregnancy, 1487

Abdominal Pain, Suprapubic, 1487

Abdominal Wall Masses, 1487

Abortion, Recurrent, 1488

Aches and Pains, Diffuse, 1488

Acidosis, Hyperchloric Metabolic, 1488

Acidosis, Lactic, 1488

Acidosis, Metabolic, 1488

Acidosis, Respiratory, 1488

Acute Kidney Injury and Liver Disease, Causes, 1489

Acute Kidney Injury Due to Intrinsic Renal Diseases, 1489

Acute Kidney Injury, HIV Patient, Causes, 1489

Acute Kidney Injury in Specific Clinical Settings, 1489

Acute Kidney Injury, Pigment Induced, 1490

Acute Lung Injury, Disease and Disorders Associations, 1490

Acute Scrotum, 1490

Adnexal Mass, 1490

Adrenal Calcifications, 1491

Adrenal Cystic Lesions, 1491

Adrenal Masses, 1491

Adrenal Pseudomasses, 1491

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, 1491

Adrenocortical Hypofunction, 1491

Adverse Food Reactions, Differential Diagnosis, 1492

Adynamic Ileus, 1492

Aerophagia (Belching, Eructation), 1492

Air-Space Opacification on X-Ray, 1492

Airway Obstruction, Pediatric Age, 1492

Akinetic/Rigid Syndrome, 1493

Alcohol-Related Seizures, 1493

Alkalosis, Metabolic, 1493

Alkalosis, Respiratory, 1493

Alopecia, 1493

Alopecia and Hypotrichosis, in Children and Adolescents, 1494

Alopecia, Drug-Induced, 1494

Alveolar Consolidation, 1494

Alveolar Hemorrhage, 1494

Amenorrhea, 1495

Amnesia, 1495

Amniotic Fluid α-Fetoprotein Elevation, 1495

Anal Abscess and Fistula, 1495

Anal Incontinence, 1495

Anaphylaxis, 1495

Anaphylaxis Mimics, 1496

Anaphylaxis, Pathophysiologic Classification, 1496

Anaphylactoid Syndrome of Pregnancy, 1496

Androgen Excess, Reproductive-Age Woman, 1496

Androgen Resistance, 1496

Anemia, Aplastic, 1496

Anemia, Aplastic, Due to Drugs and Chemicals, 1496

Anemia, Causes in Pregnancy, 1497

Anemia, Drug-Induced, 1497

Anemia, Hypochromic, 1497

Anemia, Low Reticulocyte Count, 1498

Anemia, Megaloblastic, 1498

Anemia, Microcytic, Hypochromic, Differential Diagnosis, 1499

Anergy, Cutaneous, 1499

Aneurysms, Thoracic Aorta, 1499

Anhidrosis, 1499

Anion Gap Acidosis, 1499

Anion Gap Increase, 1499

Anisocoria, 1499

Anorectal Disease, AIDS Patient, 1500

Anorexia, 1500

Anovulation, 1500

Appendicitis, Differential Diagnosis in Pregnancy, 1500

Appetite Loss in Infants and Children, 1500

Arterial Occlusion, 1501

Arthritis and Abdominal Pain, 1501

Arthritis and Diarrhea, 1501

Arthritis and Eye Lesions, 1501

Arthritis and Heart Murmur, 1501

Arthritis and Muscle Weakness, 1501

Arthritis and Rash, 1501

Arthritis and Subcutaneous Nodules, 1501

Arthritis and Weight Loss, 1501

Arthritis or Extremity Pain, in Children and Adolescents, 1501

Arthritis, Axial Skeleton, 1502

Arthritis, Chronic, Monoarticular or

Oligoarticular, Infectious Causes, 1502

Arthritis, Fever, and Rash, 1502

Arthritis, Monoarticular and Oligoarticular, 1502

Arthritis, Pediatric Age, 1503

Arthritis, Polyarticular, 1503

Ascites, 1503

Aspiration Lung Injury, Children, 1503

Asthenia, 1504

Asthma, Childhood, 1504

Ataxia, 1504

Ataxia, Acute or Recurrent, 1504

Ataxia, Cerebellar, Adult Onset, 1504 Ataxia, Cerebellar, Children, 1505

Ataxia, Chronic or Progressive, 1505

Atelectasis, 1505

Atrial Enlargement, Left Atrium, 1505

Atrial Enlargement, Right Atrium, 1505

Atypical Lymphocytosis, Heterophil

Negative, Infectious Causes, 1505

AV Nodal Block, 1505

Back Pain, 1505

Back Pain, Children and Adolescents, 1506

Back Pain, Low, Acute, 1506

Back Pain, Viscerogenic Origin, 1506

Bacterial Overgrowth, Small Intestine, 1506

Ballism, 1506

Bile Duct, Dilated, 1506

Biliary Obstruction, 1507

Biliary Tree, Reflux of Gas or Bowel, 1507

Bladder (Urinary) Wall Thickening, 1507

Bleeding, GI In Patients With AIDS, 1507

Bleeding, Lower GI, 1507

Bleeding, Lower GI, Pediatric, 1507

Bleeding, Rectal, 1508

Bleeding, Third Trimester, 1508

Bleeding, Upper GI, 1508

Bleeding, Upper GI, Pediatric, 1508

Bleeding, Vaginal,

Non-Pregnant Female, 1508

Blindness, Geriatric Age, 1508

Blindness, Monocular, Transient, 1509

Blindness, Pediatric Age, 1509

Blisters, Subepidermal, 1509

Bone and/or Soft Tissue Hypertrophy, 1509

Bone Density, Decreased, Generalized, 1510

Bone Density, Decreased, Localized, 1510

Bone Lesions, Preferential Site of Origin, 1510

Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Inherited, 1510

Bone Marrow Fibrosis, 1510

Bone Mass, Low, 1511

Bone Mineral Density, Increased, 1511

Bone Pain, 1511

Bone Resorption, 1511

Bowel Wall Thickening, 1511

Bow Legs (Genu Varum), Classification, 1511

Bradycardia, Sinus, 1512

Brain Mass, 1512

Breast Inflammatory Lesion, 1512 Breast Mass, 1512

Breath Odor, 1512

Breathing, Noisy, 1512

Bronchial Obstruction, 1512

Bronchopleural Fistula, 1512

Brown Urine, 1513

Bruising, 1513

Bullous Diseases, 1513

Café-Au-Lait Spots, 1513

Calcification On Chest X-Ray, 1513

Calcifications, Abdominal, Nonvisceral on X-ray, 1513

Calcifications, Adrenal Gland on X-Ray, 1513

Calcifications, Cardiac On X-Ray, 1513

Calcifications, Cutaneous, 1514

Calcifications, Genital Tract, Female On X-ray, 1514

Calcifications, Liver On X-ray, 1514

Calcifications, Pancreas on X-Ray, 1514

Calcifications, Spleen on X-Ray, 1514

Calcifications, Valvular on X-Ray, 1514

Calcium Stones, 1514

Cardiac Arrest, Nontraumatic, 1515

Cardiac Death, Sudden, 1515

Cardiac Enlargement, 1515

Cardiac Murmurs, 1515

Cardiac Tumors, 1515

Cardioembolism, 1515

Cardiogenic Shock, 1516

Cataracts, Pediatric Age, 1516

Cavitary Lesion on Chest X-Ray, 1516

Cerebral Infarction Secondary to Inherited Disorders, 1516

Cerebral Vasculitis, Causes, 1517

Cerebrovascular Disease, Ischemic, 1517

Cervical Instability, Pediatric, 1517

Chest Pain, Children, 1517

Chest Pain, Nonpleuritic, 1517

Chest Pain, Pleuritic, 1518

Chest Wall Tumors, Primary, 1518

Chiasmal Disease, 1518

Childhood Eosinophilia, 1518

Cholangitis, Acute, 1518

Cholestasis, 1518

Cholestasis, Neonatal And Infantile, Differential Diagnosis, 1519

Cholestatic Liver Enzyme Elevation, Extrahepatic Causes, 1519

Cholestatic Liver Enzyme Elevation, Intrahepatic Causes, 1519

Chorea, 1520

Choreoathetosis, 1520

Chylothorax, 1520

Cloudy Urine, 1520

Clubbing, 1520

Cobalamin Deficiency, 1520

Colic, Acute Abdominal, 1521

Colon Ischemia, 1521

Color Changes, Cutaneous, 1521

Coma, 1521

Coma, Normal Computed Tomography, 1522

Coma, Pediatric Population, 1522

Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathy, 1522

Congestive Heart Failure, Infant, 1523

Conjunctival Neoplasm, 1523

Consciousness Impairment, Acute, in Critically Ill Patient, 1523

Constipation, 1523

Constipation, Adult Patient, 1523

Copd Decompensation, 1524

Corneal Sensation, Decreased, 1524

Cough, 1524

Cough, Chronic, Adult Patient, 1524

Cutaneous Infections, Athletes, 1525

Cyanosis, 1525

Cyanosis, Neonatal, 1525

Daytime Sleepiness, 1525

Delayed Passage of Meconium, 1525

Delirium, 1525

Delirium and Agitation, Drug-Induced, 1526

Delirium, Agitated, 1526

Delirium, Dialysis Patient, 1526

Demyelinating Diseases, 1526

Diaphragm Elevation, Bilateral, Symmetrical, 1526

Diaphragm Elevation, Unilateral, 1526

Diarrhea, Acute Watery and Bloody, 1526

Diarrhea, Infectious, 1527

Diarrhea, Noninfectious, 1527

Diarrhea in Patients With AIDS, 1528

Diarrhea, Tube-Fed Patient, 1528

Diplopia, Binocular, 1528

Diplopia, Monocular, 1528

Diplopia, Vertical, 1528

Dysentery and Inflammatory Enterocolitis, 1528

Dizziness, 1529

Dry Eye, 1529

Dyslipoproteinemias, Secondary Causes, 1529

Dyspareunia, 1529

Dyspepsia and Pyrosis, Differential

Diagnosis During Pregnancy, 1529

Dysphagia, 1529

Dysphagia, Esophageal, 1530

Dysphagia, Oropharyngeal, 1530

Dyspnea, 1530

Dysuria, 1530

Earache, 1530

Ectopic Acth Secretion, 1530

Edema, Children, 1530

Edema, Generalized, 1531

Edema, Leg, Unilateral, 1531

Edema of Lower Extremities, 1531

Ejection Sound or Click, 1531

Elbow Pain, 1531

Elevated Hemidiaphragm, 1531

Emboli, Arterial, 1531

Emesis, Pediatric Age, 1531

Encephalomyelitis, Nonviral Causes, 1532

Encephalopathy, Hypertensive, 1532

Encephalopathy, Metabolic, 1532

Endometrial Thickening, 1532

Enthesopathy, 1532

Eosinophilia, Disease Associations, 1532

Eosinophilia, GI, 1533

Eosinophilic Lung Disease, 1533

Eosinophilia, Parasitic Causes, 1533

Epigastric Pain, 1533

Epilepsy, 1534

Epistaxis, 1534

Erectile Dysfunction, Organic, 1534

Erosions, Genitalia, 1534

Erythematous Annular Skin Lesions, 1534

Erythrocytosis, 1534

Erythroderma, 1534

Esophageal Perforation, 1534

Esophageal Strictures, 1534

Esophageal Tumors, Benign, 1535

Esophagitis, 1535

Esophagus, Systemic Diseases, 1535

Esotropia, 1535

Exanthems, 1535

Eyelid Neoplasm, 1535

Eyelid Retraction, 1535

Eye Pain, 1535

Facial Pain, 1536

Facial Paralysis, 1536

Failure To Thrive, 1536 Fatigue, 1536

Fatigue, Chronic, 1536

Fatty Liver, 1537

Fever and Cardiopulmonary Failure, 1537

Fever and Jaundice, 1537

Fever and Lymphadenopathy, 1537

Fever and Rash, 1537

Fever and Rash in ICU, 1538

Fever, after Travel to the Tropics, 1538

Fever, Drug-Induced, 1538

Fever, Hospital Associated, 1538

Fever in Returning Travelers and Immigrants, 1539

Fever, Noninfectious Causes, 1539

Fever, Postpartum, 1539

Fever, Periodic, 1539

Fever, Pediatric, Acute, 1540

Fever, Recurrent or Periodic, in Children, 1540

Fever With Maculopapular or Petechial Rash, 1540

Finger Lesions, Inflammatory, 1540

Flaccid Paralysis, Acute, Differential Diagnosis, 1540

Flatulence and Bloating, 1541

Flushing, 1541

Folate Deficiency, 1541

Foot and Ankle Pain, 1541

Foot and Ankle Pain, in Different Age Groups, 1541

Foot Dermatitis, 1542

Footdrop, 1542

Foot Lesion, Ulcerating, 1542

Foot Pain, 1542

Foot Pain by Age, 1542

Forearm and Hand Pain, 1542

Forearm Fractures, 1542

Gait Abnormality, 1543

Galactorrhea, 1543

Gallbladder Sonographic

Non-Visualization, 1543

Gallbladder Wall Thickening, 1543

Gastric Dilatation, 1543

Gastric Emptying, Delayed, 1543 Gastric Emptying, Rapid, 1543

Genital Discharge, Female, 1543

Genital Lesions, Infectious Causes, 1544

Genital Lesions, Noninfectious Causes, 1544

Genital Sores, 1544

Glomerulonephritis Associated With Malignancy, 1544

Glomerulonephritis, Rapidly Progressive, 1544

Glomerulopathies, Thrombotic, Microangiopathic, 1544

Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental, 1544

Glossodynia, 1544

Glucocorticoid Deficiency, 1545

Goiter, 1545

Granulomatous Dermatitides, 1545

Granulomatous Disorders, 1545

Granulomatous Liver Disease, 1546

Green or Blue Urine, 1546

Groin Lump, 1546

Groin Masses, 1546

Groin Pain, 1546

Groin Pain, Active Patient, 1546

Gynecomastia, 1547

Hair Loss, 1547

Halitosis, 1547

Hand Pain and Swelling, 1547

Headache, 1547

Headache, Acute, 1547

Headache and Facial Pain, 1548

Headache, Chronic, 1548

Head and Neck, Soft Tissue Masses, 1548

Hearing Loss, Acute, 1548

Heartburn and Indigestion, 1548

Heart Failure With Preserved Left

Ventricular Ejection Fraction, 1549

Heart Failure, Acute, 1549

Heart Failure, Chronic, 1549

Heart Failure, Congenital Heart Disease Causes, 1549

Heart Failure, Pathogenic Causes, 1549

Heart Failure, Pregnancy, 1550

Heat Stroke, 1550

Heel Pain, 1550

Heel Pain, Plantar, 1550

Hemarthrosis, 1550

Hematemesis, 1550

Hematuria, 1550

Hematuria, Differential Based on Age and

Sex, 1550

Hematuria, in Children, 1551

Hemiparesis/Hemiplegia, 1551

Hemolysis and Hemoglobinuria, 1551

Hemolysis, Intravascular, 1551

Hemolysis, Mechanical, 1551

Hemoperitoneum, 1551

Hemoptysis, 1551

Hemorrhagic Cystitis, 1552

Hepatic Cysts, 1552

Hepatic Granulomas, 1552

Hepatitis, Acute, 1552

Hepatitis, Chronic, 1552

Hepatitis, in Children, 1552

Hepatomegaly, 1553

Hepatomegaly, by Shape of Liver, 1553

Hermaphroditism, 1553

Hiccups, 1553

Hilar and Mediastinal Lymph Node Enlargement, 1553

Hip Pain, Children, 1554

Hip Pain, Differential Diagnosis, 1554

Hip Pain, in Different Age Groups, 1554

Hip Pain Without Obvious Fracture, 1554

Hirsutism, 1555

HIV Infection, Anorectal Lesions, 1555

HIV Infection, Chest Radiographic Abnormalities, 1555

HIV Infection, Cognitive Impairment, 1555

HIV Infection, Cutaneous Manifestations, 1555

HIV Infection, Esophageal Disease, 1556

HIV Infection, Hepatic Disease, 1556

HIV Infection, Lower GI Tract Disease, 1556

HIV Infection, Musculoskeletal Disorders, 1556

HIV Infection, Ocular Manifestations, 1556

HIV Infection, Pulmonary Disease, 1557

Hoarseness, 1557

Hydrocephalus, 1557

Hypercalcemia, 1557

Hypercalcemia, Malignancy-Induced, 1558

Hypercapnia, Persistent, 1558

Hypercoagulable State, Associated Disorders, 1558

Hypergastrinemia, 1558

Hyperhidrosis, 1558 Hyperkalemia, 1558

Hyperkalemia,

Drug-Induced, 1559

Hyperkalemia in Children, 1559

Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders, 1559

Hypermagnesemia, 1559

Hyperostosis, Cortical Bone, 1559

Hyperphosphatemia, 1559

Hyperphosphatemia in Children, 1559

Hyperpigmentation, 1560

Hyperprolactinemia, 1560

Hypersplenism, Associated Conditions, 1560

Hypertension, Adrenocortical Causes, 1560

Hypertension, Endocrine Causes, 1561

Hypertension, in Children, 1561

Hypertension, Resistant, 1561

Hypertensive Crisis Syndromes, 1561

Hypertrichosis, 1562

Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy, 1562

Hyperventilation, Persistent, 1562

Hypocalcemia, 1562

Hypocalcemia in Pediatric Patients, 1562

Hypocapnia, 1563

Hypoglycemia, 1563

Hypoglycemia, in Infants and Children, 1563

Hypogonadism, 1563

Hypokalemia, 1564

Hypokalemia in Pediatric Patients, 1564 Hypomagnesemia, 1564

Hypomagnesemia in Pediatric Patients, 1564

Hyponatremia, 1564

Hypophosphatemia, 1565

Hypophosphatemia in Pediatric Patients, 1565

Hypopigmentation, 1565

Hypotension, Postural, 1565

Hypothyroidism, Congenital, 1565

Hypotonia, Infantile, Differential Diagnosis, 1566

Hypotonic Polyuria, 1566

Hypovolemia, 1566

Hypovolemic Shock, Pediatric Population, 1566

Hypoxemia and Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure, 1567

Iliac Fossa Pain, Left Sided, 1567

Iliac Fossa Pain, Right Sided, 1567

Immunodeficiency, Congenital (Primary), 1567

Impotence, 1568

Incontinence, Fecal, 1568

Infectious Diarrhea in Tropics, 1568

Infertility, Female, 1568

Infertility, Male, 1568

Insomnia, 1568

Intestinal Pseudoobstruction, 1569

Intraabdominal Mass Lesion, Neonatal, 1569

Intracerebral Hemorrhage,

Nonhypertensive Causes, 1569

Intracranial Lesion, 1569

Intraocular Neoplasm, 1569

Iron Overload, 1569

Ischemia, Upper Extremity, Causes, 1569

Ischemic Bowel Disease, 1570

Ischemic Colitis, Nonocclusive, 1570

Ischemic Necrosis of Cartilage and Bone, 1570

Jaundice, 1570

Jaundice, Classification, 1570

Jaundice, Neonatal, 1571

Joint and Periarticular Pain, Acute, 1571

Joint Pain, Anterior Hip, Medial Thigh,

Knee, 1571

Joint Pain, Hip, Lateral Thigh, 1571

Joint Pain, Polyarticular, 1572

Joint Pain, Posterior Hips, Thigh, Buttocks, 1572

Joint Swelling, 1572

Jugular Venous Distention, 1572

Keratitis, Noninfectious, 1572

Kidney Cystic Disease, 1572

Kidney Enlargement, Unilateral, 1572 Kidney Injury, Cancer Patients, 1572

Knee Pain, 1572

Knee Pain, in Different Age Groups, 1573

Large Bowel Stricture, 1573

Left Axis Deviation, 1573

Left Bundle Branch Block, 1573

Leg Cramps, Nocturnal, 1573

Leg Length Discrepancies, 1574

Leg Movement When Standing, Involuntary, 1574

Leg Pain With Exercise, 1574

Leg Swelling, 1574

Leg Ulcers, 1574

Leptomeningeal Lesions, 1574

Leukocoria, 1574

Lid Retraction, Causes, 1574

Light-Near Dissociation, 1575

Limb Ischemia, Acute, Nontraumatic, 1575

Limp, 1575

Limping, Pediatric Age, 1575

Livedo Reticularis, 1575

Liver Disease, Pregnancy, 1575

Liver Lesions, Benign, Often Confused With Malignancy, 1575

Low-Voltage ECG, 1576

Lung Cancer, Occupational Causes, 1576

Lung Disease And Gastrointestinal and Liver Involvement, 1576

Lung Disease and Renal Involvement, 1576

Lung Disease and Skin and Subcutaneous Lesions, 1576

Lung Disease with Bone, Joint, Nerve, and Muscle Involvement, 1577

Lung Tumors, Benign, 1577

Lung Volumes in Diffuse Lung Disease, 1577

Lymphadenopathy, 1578

Lymphangitis, 1578

Lymphedema, 1578

Lymphocytosis, Atypical, 1578

Macrothrombocytopenia, Inherited, 1578

Macular Crystals, 1578

Madarosis, 1578

Malabsorption, 1579

Syndrome in Tropics, 1579

Malnutrition, Causes in Early Life, 1579

Mediastinal Compartments, Anatomy and Pathology, 1579

Mediastinal Masses or Widening on Chest X-Ray, 1579

Mediastinal Masses, Sites of Origin, 1580 Mediastinitis, Acute, 1580

Melanonychia, 1580

Memory Loss Symptoms, Elderly Patients, 1580

Meningitis, Chronic, 1581

Meningitis, Recurrent, 1581

Mental Status Changes and Coma, 1581

Mental Status Changes and Coma, Structural Causes, 1581

Mental Status Changes and Coma,

Metabolic and Systemic Causes, 1582

Mesenteric Arterial Embolism, Associated Factors, 1582

Mesenteric Ischemia, Nonocclusive, 1582

Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis, 1583

Metastatic Neoplasms, 1583

Methaemoglobinaemia, Drug Induced, 1583

Microcephaly, 1583

Micropenis, 1583

Miosis, 1583

Monoarthritis, Acute, 1583

Monocytosis, 1584

Mononeuropathy, 1584

Mononeuropathy, Isolated, 1584

Mononeuropathy Multiplex, 1584

Mononucleosis, Monospot Negative, 1584

Muscle Disease, 1584

Muscle Weakness, 1585

Muscle Weakness, Lower Motor Neuron Versus Upper Motor Neuron, 1585

Musculoskeletal Benign Tumors And Tumor-Like Lesions, 1585

Musculoskeletal Malignant Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions, 1585

Mydriasis, 1585

Myelin Disorders, 1585

Myelopathy And Myelitis, 1585

Myocardial Ischemia, 1585

Myoclonus, 1586

Myopathic Syndromes, Drug-induced, 1586

Myopathies Associated With Rest Pain, 1586

Myopathies, HIV Associated, 1586

Myopathies, Infectious, 1586

Myopathies, Inflammatory, 1586

Myopathies, Metabolic, 1586

Myopathies, Toxic, 1587

Myositis, Infectious Causes, 1587

Myositis, Inflammatory, 1587

Nnail Clubbing, 1587

Nail, Horizontal White Lines (Beau’s Lines), 1587

Nail Koilonychia, 1587

Nail Onycholysis, 1587

Nail Pitting, 1587

Nail Splinter Hemorrhage, 1588

Nail Striations, 1588

Nail Telangiectasia, 1588

Nail Whitening (Terry’s Nails), 1588

Nail Yellowing, 1588

Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Tumors, 1588 Nasal Masses, Congenital, 1588

Nausea and Vomiting, 1588

Nausea and Vomiting, Causes During Pregnancy, 1588

Nausea and Vomiting, Chronic, 1588

Neck and Arm Pain, 1589

Neck Mass, 1589

Neck Pain, 1589

Neck Pain From Rheumatologic Disorders, 1589

Necrotizing Pneumonias, 1589

Nephritic Syndrome, Acute, 1589

Nephrocalcinosis, 1589

Nephropathy, Obstructive, 1589

Neurogenic Bladder, 1590

Neurologic Deficit, Focal, 1590

Neurologic Deficit, Multifocal, 1590

Neuromuscular Junction Dysfunction, 1590

Neuronopathies, Sensory

(Ganglionopathies), 1590

Neuropathic Bladder, 1591

Neuropathies With Facial Nerve Involvement, 1591

Neuropathies, Autonomic, 1591

Neuropathies, Autonomic, Peripheral, Causes, 1591

Neuropathies, Painful, 1591

Neuropathies, Peripheral, Asymmetrical Proximal/Distal, 1591

Neuropathies, Toxic and Metabolic, 1592

Neutropenia,

Drug-Induced, 1592

Neutropenia with Decreased Marrow Reserve, 1592

Neutropenia with Normal Marrow Reserve, 1592

Neutropenia, in Childhood, 1592

Neutrophilia, 1592

Nipple Lesions, 1593

Nodular Lesions, Skin, 1593

Nodules, Painful, 1593

Nystagmus, 1593

Nystagmus, Monocular, 1593

Odynophagia, 1593

Opacification of Hemidiaphragm on X-Ray, 1593

Ophthalmoplegia, 1593

Opsoclonus, 1593

Optic Atrophy, 1593

Optic Disc Elevation, 1594

Oral Mucosa, Erythematous Lesions, 1594

Oral Mucosa, Pigmented Lesions, 1594

Oral Mucosa, Punctate Erosive Lesions, 1594

Oral Mucosa, White Lesions, 1594

Oral Ulcers, Acute, 1594

Oral Vesicles and Ulcers, 1594

Orbital Inflammation, 1594

Orbital Lesions, Calcified, 1595

Orbital Lesions, Cystic, 1595

Orgasm Dysfunction, 1595

Orofacial Pain, 1595

Osteolytic Benign Bone Lesions, Multiple, 1595

Osteoporosis in Children, 1595

Osteoporosis, Secondary Causes, 1595

Osteosclerosis, Diffuse, 1595

Osteosclerotic Benign Bone Lesions, Multiple, 1595

Ovulatory Dysfunction, 1595

Pain, Midfoot, 1596

Pain, Plantar Aspect, Heel, 1596

Pain, Posterior Heel, 1596

Palindromic Rheumatism, 1596

Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis, 1596

Palpitations, 1596

Pancreatic Calcifications, 1596

Pancreatic Cystic Lesions, 1597

Pancreatic Solid Lesions, 1597

Pancreatitis, Acute, in Children, 1597

Pancreatitis, Drug-Induced, 1597

Pancytopenia, 1598

Pancytopenia Syndrome, Inherited, 1598

Papilledema, 1598

Papulosquamous Diseases, 1598

Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes, 1598

Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Endocrine, 1598

Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nonendocrine, 1598

Paraparesis, Acute or Subacute, 1598

Paraparesis, Chronic Progressive, 1599

Paraplegia, 1599

Parasellar Masses, 1599

Paresthesias, 1599

Parkinsonism-Plus Syndromes, 1599

Parotid Swelling, 1600

Pelvic Avulsion Fractures, 1600

Pelvic Mass, 1600

Pelvic Pain, Causes in Women, 1600

Pelvic Pain, Chronic, 1600

Pelvic Pain, Genital Origin, 1601

Pelvic Pain,

Non-pregnant Female, 1601

Penile Rash, 1601

Perianal Pain, 1601

Pericardial Effusion, 1601

Periodic Paralysis, Hyperkalemic, 1601

Periodic Paralysis, Hypokalemic, 1601

Peritoneal Carcinomatosis, 1602

Peritoneal Effusion, 1602

Periumbilical Swelling, 1602

Pharyngeal Obstruction, Causes, 1602

Pheochromocytoma-type Spells, 1602

Photodermatoses, 1602

Photosensitivity, 1602

Pigmenturia, 1602

Pituitary Region Tumors, 1603

Pleural Effusions, 1603

Pleural Effusions, Malignancy-associated, 1603

Pleural Hyperplasia, 1603

Pleural Masses, 1603

Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Neonate and Older Child, 1603

Pneumonia, Chronic, 1603

Pneumonia Mimics, 1604

Pneumonia, Nonresponding, Causes, 1604

Pneumonia, Recurrent, 1604

Pneumoperitoneum, Neonatal, 1604

Pneumothorax, in Children, 1605

Poliosis, 1605

Polycythemia, 1605

Polycythemias, Differential Diagnosis, 1605

Polycythemia, Relative Versus Absolute, 1605

Polymyalgias, 1606

Polyneuropathy, 1606

Polyneuropathy, Demyelinating, 1606

Polyneuropathy, Distal Sensorimotor, 1606

Polyneuropathy,

Drug-induced, 1606

Polyneuropathy, Symmetric, 1607

Polyuria, 1607

Popliteal Swelling, 1607

Portal Hypertension, 1607

Postmenopausal Bleeding, 1607

Postural Hypotension, Nonneurologic Causes, 1607

Premature Graying, Scalp Hair, 1607

Premature Ventricular Contractions and Ventricular Tachycardia, 1607

Presacral Masses in Children, 1608

Prolonged QT Syndromes, 1608

Proptosis, 1608

Proptosis and Palatal Necrotic Ulcers, 1608

Protein-losing Enteropathy, Pediatric Age, 1608

Proteinuria, 1608

Pruritus, 1608

Pruritus Ani, 1609

Pruritus Vulvae, 1609

Pseudocyanosis, Etiology, 1609

Pseudohermaphroditism, Female, 1609

Pseudohermaphroditism, Male, 1609

Pseudoinfarction, 1609

Psychosis, 1609

Psychosis, Medical Disorders-Induced, 1610

Psychosis,

Medication-Induced, 1610

Ptosis, 1610

Puberty, Delayed, 1610

Puberty, Precocious, 1610

Pulmonary Crackles, 1610

Pulmonary Cysts on X-Ray, 1611

Pulmonary Edema, Noncardiogenic, 1611

Pulmonary Eosinophilia, 1611

Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Focal, 1611

Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Pediatric Age, 1612

Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Syndromes,

Diffuse, 1612

Pulmonary Infiltrates,

Immunocompromised Host, 1612

Pulmonary Lesions, 1612

Pulmonary Mass, Solitary, Causes, 1612 Pulmonary Mass, Solitary, Mimics, 1612

Pulmonary Nodule, Solitary, 1612

Pulmonary–Renal Syndromes, Causes, 1613

Pulseless Electrical Activity, 1613

Pupillary Dilatation, Poor Response to Darkness, 1613

Purpura, 1613

Purpura, Nonpalpable, 1613

Purpura, Nonpurpuric Disorders Simulating Purpura, 1613

Purpura, Palpable, 1614

QT Interval Prolongation, 1614

Radiation-Induced Neoplasms, 1614

Rectal Mass, Palpable, 1614

Rectal Pain, 1614

Red Blood Cell Aplasia, Acquired, Etiology, 1614

Red Blood Cell Fragmentation Hemolysis, Causes, 1614

Red Eye, 1614

Red Eye, Acute, 1615

Red Hot Joint, 1615

Red Urine, 1615

Renal Allograft Dysfunction, 1615

Renal Artery Occlusion, Causes, 1615

Renal Colic, 1615

Renal Cystic Disorders, 1615

Renal Disease, Skin Manifestations, 1615

Renal Failure, Acute, Pigment-Induced, 1616

Renal Failure, Chronic, 1616

Renal Failure, Intrinsic or Parenchymal Causes, 1616

Renal Failure, Postrenal Causes, 1616

Renal Failure, Prerenal Causes, 1616

Renal Infarction, 1617

Renal Parenchymal Disease, Chronic, 1617

Renal Vein Thrombosis, Causes, 1617

Respiratory Distress in the Newborn, Causes, 1617

Respiratory Failure, Hypoventilatory, 1617

Respiratory Muscle Weakness, 1618

Retinopathy, Hypertensive, 1618

Rhinitis, 1618

Rhinitis, Chronic, 1618

Rhinosinusitis, Differential Diagnosis, 1618

Rib Defects On X-ray, 1618

Rib Notching On X-Ray, 1619

Right Axis Deviation, 1619

Salivary Gland Enlargement, 1619

Salivary Gland Secretion, Decreased, 1619

Scleroderma-Like Syndromes, 1619

Scrotal Calcifications, 1619

Scrotal Masses, Boys and Adolescents, 1619

Scrotal Pain, 1619

Scrotal Pain, Adolescent or Pediatric Patient, 1619

Scrotal Swelling, 1620

Seizure, 1620

Seizure, Pediatric, 1620

Seizure Mimics, 1620

Sexual Differentiation Abnormalities, 1620

Sexual Dysfunction, Female, 1621

Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Anorectal Region, 1621

Sexual Precocity, 1621

Shoulder Pain, 1621

Shoulder Pain by Location, 1621

Shoulder Pain, in Different Age Groups, 1621

Sinus Node Dysfunction, 1622

Sinus Ostial Obstruction, 1622 Sinus Tachycardia, 1622

Skin and Renal, 1622

Skin Induration, Chronic, 1622

Small Bowel Masses, 1623

Small Bowel Obstruction, 1623

Small Intestine Ulceration, 1623

Smell Disturbance, 1623

Sodium Retention, Renal Causes, 1623

Soft Tissue Mass Mimicking Malignancy, 1623

Soft Tissue Tumors, Pediatric Patients, 1623

Sore Throat, 1624

Spastic Paraplegias, 1624

Spinal Cord Compression, Epidural, 1624

Spinal Cord Dysfunction, 1624

Spinal Cord Dysfunction, Nontraumatic, 1624

Spinal Cord Ischemic Syndromes, 1624

Spinal Tumors, 1624

Splenic Cysts, Classification, 1625

Splenic Masses, Focal Solid, 1625

Splenic Nodules, 1625

Splenic Tumors, Classification, 1625

Splenomegaly, 1625

Splenomegaly and Hepatomegaly, 1625

Splenomegaly, Children, 1625

Spontaneous Pneumothorax, 1626

Statural Overgrowth, 1626

Steatohepatitis, 1626

Stomatitis, Bullous, 1626

Stridor in Neonates, 1626

Stridor, Pediatric Age, 1626 Stroke, 1627

Stroke, Pediatric Age, 1627

Stroke, Young Adult, Causes, 1627

ST-Segment Depression, Noncoronary Causes, 1627

ST-Segment Elevation, 1627

St Segment Elevations, Nonischemic, 1628

Sudden Death, Pediatric Age, 1628

Sudden Death, Young Athlete, 1628

Swollen Limb, 1628

SECTION III Clinical Algorithms

Additional algorithms available at www.expertconsult.com, 1647

Abdominal Abscess, 1648

Abdominal Pain, Acute, 1649

Abdominal Pain, Right Upper Quadrant, 1650

Acid-Base Homeostasis, 1651

Acidosis, Metabolic, 1653

Acidosis, Respiratory, Acute, 1654

Acidosis, Respiratory, Chronic, 1655

Adrenal Mass, 1656

Airway Obstruction, Malignant, 1657

Allergic Reaction to Vaccines, 1658

Alkalosis, Metabolic, 1659

Alkalosis, Respiratory Treatment, 1660

Altered Mental Status and Coma, 1661

Altered Mental Status and Coma, 1661

Alveolar Hemorrhage, 1661.e1

Ambiguous Genitalia, 1661.e3

Anemia, 1662

Anemia, Macrocytic, 1663

Anemia, Microcytic, 1664

Anisocoria, 1665

Anorectal Complaints, 1667

Anorexia, 1668

Anticholinergic Poisoning, 1669

Arthralgia Limited to One or Few Joints, 1670

Aspiration, Gastric Contents, 1670.e1

Aspiration, Oral Contents, 1670.e2

Ataxia, Progressive, 1671

Azoospermia, 1671.e1

Back Pain, 1672

Bleeding Disorder, Congenital, 1672.e1

Bleeding Disorders, 1673

Bleeding, Early Pregnancy, 1674.e1

Bleeding, Gastrointestinal, 1675

Bleeding, Neonate, 1676.e1

Bleeding, Vaginal, 1677

Bradycardia, 1679

Bradycardia, Pediatric Patient, 1679.e1

Breast, Nipple Discharge Evaluation, 1680

Breast, Routine Screen or Palpable Mass Evaluation, 1682

Breastfeeding Difficulties, 1683.e1

Ventricular Failure, 1638

Verrucous Lesions, 1638

Vertigo, 1639

Vertigo, Central, 1639

Vesiculobullous Diseases, 1639

Vision Loss, Acute, Painful, 1639

Vision Loss, Acute, Painless, 1639

Vision Loss After Diving, 1639

Vision Loss, Children, 1639

Vision Loss, Chronic, Progressive, 1640

Vision Loss, Monocular, Transient, 1640

Vitreous Hemorrhage, 1640

Vocal Cord Paralysis, 1640

Volume Depletion, 1640

Volume Excess, 1640

Vomiting, 1640

Vomiting, Neonatal, 1640

Vulvar Lesions, 1641

Weakness, Acute, Emergent, 1641

Weakness, Gradual Onset, 1641

Weakness, Nonneuromuscular Causes, 1641

Weight Gain, 1642

Weight Loss, 1642

Wheezing, 1642

Wheezing, Pediatric Age, 1642

Wrist and Hand Pain, in Different Age Groups, 1642

Wrist Pain, 1642

Xerophthalmia, 1643

Tall Stature, 1628

Tardive Dyskinesia, 1628

Taste And Smell Loss, 1628

Telangiectasia, 1629

Tendinopathy, 1629

Testicular Cystic Lesions, 1629

Testicular Failure, 1629

Testicular Pain, 1629

Testicular Size Variations, 1629

Tetanus, 1630

Thrombocytopenia, 1630

Thrombocytopenia, in Pregnancy, 1630

Thrombocytopenia, Inherited Disorders, 1630

Thrombocytopenia in Newborns, Differential Diagnosis, 1630

Thrombocytosis, 1630

Thrombosis or Thrombotic Diathesis, 1630

Thymic Masses, 1631

Thymoma, Diseases Associations, 1631

Thyromegaly, 1631

Thyrotoxicosis, 1631

Tick-related Infections, 1631

Tics, 1631

Torsades de Pointes, 1631

Toxic Megacolon, Causes, 1631

Tracheobronchial Narrowing on X-Ray, 1632

Tremor, 1632

Tremor, in Children, Causes, 1632

Trichomegaly, 1632

Tubulointerstitial Disease, Acute, 1632

Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease, 1633

Tumor Markers Elevation, 1633

Uremic Encephalopathy, Differential Diagnosis, 1633

Ureteral Colic, 1633

Ureteral Stricture, 1633

Ureteric Obstruction, Congenital, 1634

Urethral Bleeding, 1634

Urethral Discharge and Dysuria, 1634

Urethral Obstruction, Children, 1634

Uric Acid Stones, 1634

Urinary Incontinence, Children, 1634

Urinary Retention, 1634

Urinary Retention, Acute, 1634

Urinary Tract Bleeding, Upper, 1634

Urinary Tract Obstruction, 1635

Urinary Tract Obstruction, Congenital Causes, 1635

Urine Casts, 1635

Urine Color Abnormalities, 1635

Urine, Red, 1636

Urolithiasis-Like Pain, 1636

Uropathy, Obstructive, 1636

Urosepsis, 1636

Uterine Bleeding, Abnormal, 1637

Uveitis, Pediatric Age, 1637

Vaginal Bleeding, Pregnancy, 1637

Vaginal Discharge, Prepubertal Girls, 1637

Valvular Heart Disease, 1637

Vascular Lesions of GI Tract, 1637

Vasculitis, Classification, 1638

Vasculitis (Diseases That Mimic Vasculitis), 1638

Vegetative State, Persistent, 1638

Ventilation–perfusion Mismatch on Lung Scan, 1638

Xerostomia, 1643

Yellow Urine, 1643 

Bullae on Lower Extremities, 1683.e2

Cardiac Arrest, 1684

Cardiogenic Shock, 1685

Cardiomegaly on Chest X-Ray, 1686

Cardiomyopathy, 1689

Chest Pain, 1691

Chest X-Ray Abnormality (Suspected), 1692 Connective Tissue Disorder, Suspected, 1693

Connective Tissue Disorder, Suspected, 1693

Connective Tissue Laboratory Tests, 1694

Constipation, 1696

Convulsive Disorder, Suspected, Pediatric Patient, 1697.e1

Corneal Disorders, 1697.e2

Cough, Chronic, 1698

Cutaneous Microvascular Occlusion Syndromes, 1699.e1

Cyanosis, 1700

Cystitis, Acute, 1700.e1

Defecation Disorder,

Pediatric Age, 1700.e2

Defecation Disorder, Pediatric Age, 1700.e2

Developmental Delay, 1700.e3

Diarrhea, Watery, 1700.e4

Dilated Pupil, 1700.e5

Dyspepsia, 1700.e6

Dyspnea, 1701

Dysuria and/or Urethral/Vaginal Discharge, 1705

Ear Pain, 1705.e1

Eating Disorder, 1706

Edema, Generalized, 1707

Edema, Regional, 1708

Eosinophilic Dermatoses, 1709

Erythrocytosis, Acquired, 1710

Erythroderma, 1710.e1

Esophageal Foreign Body, 1710.e3

Fatigue, 1711

Fever and Infection in

High-Risk Hematology Patient without Obvious Source, 1711.e1

Fever and Infection in High-Risk

Hematology Patient without Obvious

Source, 1711.e1

Fever and Neutropenia, 1712

Fever and Neutropenia, Pediatric Patient, 1712.e1

Fever, Pediatric Patient, 1713

Flushing, 1714

Food Reaction, 1715

Genital Lesions or Ulcers, 1716

GI Bleeding, Pediatric Patient, 1716.e1

Goiter Evaluation and Management, 1717

Granuloma, 1718

Hearing Loss, 1719

Hematochezia, Management, 1721.e1

Hematuria, Asymptomatic, 1722

Hematuria, Pediatric Patient, 1722.e1

Hepatic Mass, 1723

Hepatitis, Viral, 1724

Hepatomegaly, 1725

Hypercalcemia, 1727

Hypercapnia, 1728

Hyperpigmentation, 1729

Hypogonadism, 1732

Hypotension, 1733

Hypotension, Post-Operative, 1734

Hypovolemic shock, 1735

Hypoxemia, Post-Operative, 1736

Infections of Soft Tissue, Joints, and Bone, 1737

Infectious Diarrhea, 1738

Inflammatory Arthritis, 1739

Intraabdominal Infection, Suspected, 1740

Jaundice, Neonatal, 1741

Joint Effusion, 1742

Joint Pain and Swelling, 1743

Leg Ulcer, 1744

Liver Function Test Elevations, 1745

Lymphadenopathy, Generalized, 1746

Malar Eruption, 1747

Mental Status Change, Elderly Patient, 1748

Murmur, Diastolic, 1749

Murmur, Systolic, 1750

Muscle Cramps and Aches, 1751

Muscle Weakness, 1752

Musculoskeletal Complaints, 1753

Nausea and Vomiting, 1753.e1

Neck Mass, 1754

Neck Pain, 1755

Nystagmus, 1756

Occupational Asthma, 1761

Oliguria, 1763

Onycholysis, 1763.e1

Palpitations, Dizziness, and/or Syncope, 1764

Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors, 1764.e1

Pancreatic Mass, 1765

Papulosquamous Disorders, Pediatric Patient, 1765.e1

Patient with Ill-Defined Physical Complaints, 1766

Pelvic Mass, 1767

Pelvic Pain, Women, Diagnostic Evaluation, 1768

Pelvic Pain, Women, Management, 1770

Peripheral Neuropathy, 1771

Photosensitivity, 1771.e1

Pneumothorax, Traumatic, 1772

Proteinuria, 1773

Proteinuria in Children, 1774

Pruritus, Generalized, 1775

Pruritus, Pregnant Patient, 1775.e1

Pseudohermaphroditism, 1775.e2

Pulmonary Nodule, 1776

Purpura, Palpable, 1779

Reactive Erythema, Pediatric Patient, 1779.e1

Renal Mass, 1780

Renal Trauma, 1780.e1

Scrotal Mass, 1780.e1

Sexual Precocity, Female Breast Development, 1781.e1

Sexual Precocity, Female Pubic Hair Development, 1781.e2

Sexual Precocity, Male, 1781.e4

Shock, 1782

Short Stature, 1782.e1

Shoulder Pain, 1782.e2

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, 1783

Skin Blisters, 1784.e1

Sleep Disorders, 1785

Sleep Disorders Associated with Pregnancy, 1788

Sleep-Related Movement Disorders, 1789

Sore Throat, 1790

Spondyloarthropathy, Diagnosis, 1791

Spondyloarthropathy, Treatment, 1792

Stroke, 1792.e1

Tachycardia, Diagnostic Approach, 1793

Tachycardia, Narrow Complex, 1794

Tachycardia, Pediatric Patient, 1794.e1

Tachycardia, Wide Complex, 1795

Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Differential Diagnosis, 1796.e1

Thyroid, Painful, 1797

Thyrotoxicosis, 1798

Trauma in Pregnancy, 1798.e1

Traumatic Aortic Injury, 1798.e2

Urinary Incontinence, Sphincteric, Male Patient, 1799

Urinary Tract Obstruction, 1800

Vaginal Discharge, Evaluation, 1801

Vaginitis, Pediatric, 1802

Ventricular Fibrillation or Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia, 1803

Vertigo, 1804

Vomiting, Acute, Management, 1806

Weakness, 1807 Weight Gain, 1809

Weight Loss, Unintentional, 1810 

Additional Clinical Algorithms Available at ExpertConsult.com

Alveolar Hemorrhage (Figs. E18 and E19, Box E1)

Ambiguous Genitalia (Figs. E20, E21)

Aspiration, Gastric Contents (Fig. E32)

Aspiration, Oral Contents (Fig. E33)

Azoospermia (Figs. E35, E36)

Bleeding Disorder, Congenital (Fig. E38)

Bleeding, Early Pregnancy (Fig. E40)

Bleeding, Neonate (Fig. E42)

Bradycardia, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E46)

Breastfeeding Difficulties (Fig. E50)

Bullae on Lower Extremities (Fig. E51)

Convulsive Disorder, Suspected, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E66)

Corneal Disorders (Fig. E67)

Cutaneous Microvascular Occlusion

Syndromes (Fig. E69, Tables E11 and E12)

Cystitis, Acute (Fig. E71)

Defecation Disorder, Pediatric Age (Figs. E72 and E73)

Developmental Delay (Fig. E74)

Diarrhea, Watery (Fig. E75)

Dilated Pupil (Fig. E76)

Dyspepsia (Fig. E77)

Ear Pain (Figs. E81, E82)

Erythroderma (Fig. E88, Table E16)

Esophageal Foreign Body (Figs. E89 and E90, Tables E17 and E18)

Fever and Infection in High-Risk

Hematology Patient Without Obvious Source (Fig. E92)

Fever and Neutropenia, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E94)

GI Bleeding, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E99)

Hematochezia, Management (Fig. E103)

Hematuria, Pediatric Patient (Figs. E105 and E106)

Nausea and Vomiting (Fig. E139, Tables E26, E27, E28, and E29)

Onycholysis (Fig. E151)

Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors (Fig. E153)

Papulosquamous Disorders, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E155)

Photosensitivity (Fig. E163)

Pruritus, Pregnant Patient (Fig. E169)

Pseudohermaphroditism (Fig. E170)

Reactive Erythema, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E173)

Renal Trauma (Fig. E177, Table E42)

Sexual Precocity, Female Breast Development (Fig. E179)

Sexual Precocity, Female Pubic Hair

Development (Fig. E180, Table E43)

Sexual Precocity, Male (Fig. E181, Table E44)

Short Stature (Fig. E183)

Shoulder Pain (Fig. E184)

Skin Blisters (Fig. E187, Table E46)

Stroke (Fig. E195)

Tachycardia, Pediatric Patient (Fig. E199)

Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Differential Diagnosis (Fig. E203)

Trauma in Pregnancy (Fig. E206)

Traumatic Aortic Injury (Fig. E207, Box E8) 

SECTION IV Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results

Ace Level, 1813

Acetone (Serum Or Plasma), 1813

Acetylcholine Receptor (AChR) Antibody, 1813

Acid-Base Reference Values, 1813

Acid Phosphatase (Serum), 1813

Acid Serum Test, 1813

Activated Clotting Time (ACT), 1813

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT, APTT), 1813

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, 1813

Alanine Aminopeptidase, 1813

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT), 1813

Albumin (Serum), 1815

Alcohol Dehydrogenase, 1815

Aldolase (Serum), 1815

Aldosterone, 1815

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) (Serum), 1815

Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (Serum), 1816

Alpha-1-Fetoprotein (Serum), 1816

Alt, 1816

Aluminum (Serum), 1816

Ama, 1816

Amebiasis Serologic Test, 1816

Aminolevulinic Acid (δ-ALA) (24-hr Urine Collection), 1817

Ammonia (Serum), 1817

Amylase (Serum), 1817

Amylase, Urine, 1817

Amyloid A Protein (Serum), 1817

Ana, 1817

Anca, 1817

Androstenedione (Serum), 1817

Angiotensin II, 1817

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme

(Ace Level), 1817

Anh, 1817

Anion Gap, 1817

Anticardiolipin Antibody, 1817

Anticoagulant, 1817

Antidiuretic Hormone, 1817

Anti-DNA, 1817

Anti-DS DNA, 1817

Antiglobulin Test, 1817

Antiglomerular Basement Antibody, 1817

Antihistone, 1817

Antimitochondrial Antibody (Ama, Mitochondrial Antibody), 1818

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody, 1818

Antinuclear Antibody (ANA), 1818

Anti-RNP Antibody, 1819

Anti-SCL-70, 1819

Anti-SM (Anti-Smith) Antibody, 1819

Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibody, 1819

Antistreptolysin O Titer (Streptozyme, ASLO Titer), 1819

Antithrombin III, 1819

Apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1), 1819

Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), 1819

Arterial Blood Gases, 1820

Arthrocentesis Fluid, 1820

ASLO Titer, 1821

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST, SGOT), 1821

Atrial Natriuretic Hormone (ANH), 1821

B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP), 1821

Basophil Count, 1821

Bicarbonate, 1821

Bile, Urine, 1821

Bilirubin, Direct (Conjugated Bilirubin), 1821

Bilirubin, Indirect (Unconjugated Bilirubin), 1821

Bilirubin, Total, 1821

Bilirubin, Urine, 1823

Bladder Tumor Associated Antigen, 1823

Bleeding Time (Modified Ivy Method), 1823

Blood Volume, Total, 1823

BNP, 1823

Bordetella pertussis Serology, 1823

BRCA Analysis, 1823

Breath Hydrogen Test (Hydrogen Breath

Test), 1824

Bun, 1824

C282Y And H63d Mutation Analysis, 1824

C3, 1824

C4, 1824

Calcitonin (Serum), 1824

Calcium (Serum), 1824

Calcium, Urine, 1824

Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), 1824

Cancer Antigen 27-29 (CA 27-29), 1824

Cancer Antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4), 1824

Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125), 1825

Captopril Stimulation Test, 1825

Carbamazepine (Tegretol), 1825

Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9, 1825

Carbon Dioxide, Partial Pressure, 1825

Carbon Monoxide, 1825

Carboxyhemoglobin, 1825

Carcinoembryonic Antigen, 1825

Carotene (Serum), 1827

Catecholamines, Urine, 1827

CBC, 1827

CD40 Ligand, 1827

CD4+ T-lymphocyte Count (CD4+ T-cells), 1827

CEA, 1827

Cerebrospinal Fluid, 1827

Ceruloplasmin (Serum), 1829

Chlamydia Group Antibody Serologic Test, 1829

Chlamydia trachomatis PCR, 1829

Chloride (Serum), 1829

Chloride (Sweat), 1829

Chloride, Urine, 1829

Cholecystokinin-Pancreozymin, 1829

Cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein, 1829 Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein, 1829

Cholesterol, Total, 1829

Chorionic Gonadotropins, Human (Serum) (HCG), 1831

Chymotrypsin, 1831

Circulating Anticoagulant (Lupus Anticoagulant), 1832

CK, 1832

Clonidine Suppression Test, 1832

Clostridium Difficile Toxin Assay (Stool), 1832

CO, 1832

Coagulation Factors, 1832

Cobalamin, Serum, 1833

Cold Agglutinins Titer, 1833

Complement, 1833

Complement Deficiency, 1833

Complete Blood Count (CBC), 1833

Conjugated Bilirubin, 1834

Copper (Serum), 1834

Copper, Urine, 1834

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) Stimulation Test, 1834

Cortisol, Plasma, 1834

C-Peptide, 1836

Coombs Direct, 1836

Coombs Indirect, 1836

CPK, 1836

C-Reactive Protein, 1836

C-Reactive Protein, High Sensitivity

(hs-CRP, Cardio-CRP), 1836

Creatine Kinase, 1836

Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes, 1836

Creatinine (Serum), 1837

Creatinine Clearance, 1837

Creatinine, Urine, 1837

Cryoglobulins (Serum), 1837

Cryptosporidium Antigen By EIA (Stool), 1837

CSF, 1838

Cystatin C, 1838

Cystic Fibrosis PCR, 1838

Cytomegalovirus by PCR, 1838

D-Dimer, 1838

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, 1838

Dehydrotestosterone (Serum, Urine), 1838

Deoxycorticosterone (11-Deoxycorticosterone, Doc) (Serum), 1838

Dexamethasone Suppression Test, Overnight, 1838

Digoxin, 1838

Dilantin, 1838

Direct Antiglobulin (Coombs Direct), 1838

Disaccharide Absorption Tests, 1839

DOC, 1839

Donath-landsteiner (D-l) Test For

Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria, 1839 Dopamine, 1839 d-xylose Absorption, 1839 d-xylose Absorption Test, 1839 Electrophoresis, Hemoglobin, 1839

Electrophoresis, Protein, 1839

ENA Complex, 1839

Endomysial Antibodies, 1839

Eosinophil Count, 1839

Epinephrine, Plasma, 1840

Epstein-Barr Virus Serology (Box 14), 1840

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR, Sed Rate, Sedimentation Rate), 1840

Erythropoietin (EP), 1840

Estradiol (Serum), 1840

Estrogen, 1840

Ethanol (blood), 1841

Extractable Nuclear Antigen (Ena Complex, Anti-RNP Antibody, Anti-Sm, Anti-smith), 1841

Factor V Leiden, 1841

Fasting Blood Sugar, 1841

FBS, 1841

FDP, 1841

Fecal Fat, Quantitative (72-hr Collection), 1842

Fecal Globin Immunochemical Test, 1842 Ferritin (Serum), 1842 α-1 Fetoprotein, 1842 Fibrin Degradation Product, 1842

Fibrinogen, 1843

Folate (Folic Acid), 1843

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), 1843

Free T4, 1843

Free Thyroxine Index, 1843

FTA-ABS, 1843

Furosemide Stimulation Test, 1843

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), 1844

Gastrin (Serum), 1844

Gastrin Stimulation Test, 1844

Gliadin Antibodies, IgA and IgG, 1844

Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Antibody, 1844

Glomerular Filtration Rate, 1844

Glucagon, 1844

Glucose, Fasting (FBS, Fasting Blood Sugar), 1844

Glucose, Postprandial, 1844

Glucose Tolerance Test, 1844

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase

(G6PD) Screen (Blood), 1844 γ-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), 1845 Glycohemoglobin (Glycated Glycosylated] Hemoglobin), (HbA1c), 1845

Growth Hormone, 1845

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone

(GHRH), 1845

Growth Hormone Suppression Test (After Glucose), 1845

Ham Test (Acid Serum Test), 1845

Haptoglobin (Serum), 1845

HBA1C, 1845

HDL, 1845

Helicobacter Pylori (Serology, Stool Antigen), 1845

Hematocrit, 1845

Hemoglobin, 1845

Hemoglobin A1c, 1846

Hemoglobin Electrophoresis, 1846

Hemoglobin, Glycated, 1846

Hemoglobin, Glycosylated, 1846

Hemoglobin H, 1846

Hemoglobin, Urine, 1846

Hemosiderin, Urine, 1847

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Antibodies, 1847

Hepatitis A Antibody, 1847

HAV-IGM Antibody, 1847

HAV Total Antibody, 1847

Hepatitis A Viral Infection, 1847

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBSAG), 1847

Hepatitis B Viral Infection, 1847

Hepatitis C Viral Infection, 1848 Hepatitis C RNA, 1848

Hepatitis D Viral Infection, 1848

Delta Hepatitis Coinfection (acute HDV1 acute HBV) or Superinfection (acute

HDV1 Chronic HBV), 1848

HDV-AG, 1849

HDV-AB (IgM), 1849

HDV-AB (total), 1849

HER-2/NEU, 1849

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), 1849

HFE Screen For Hereditary

Hemochromatosis, 1849

Heterophil Antibody, 1849

High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol, 1849

HLA Antigens, 1849

Homocysteine (Plasma), 1849

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG), 1849

Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV8), 1850

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody, Type 1 (HIV-1), 1850

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

(HIV-1) Antigen (P24), Qualitative

(P24 Antigen), 1850

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

(HIV-1) Viral Load, 1852

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), 1852

Huntington’s Disease PCR, 1852

Hydrogen Breath Test, 1852

5-Hydroxyindole-Acetic Acid, Urine, 1852

Immune Complex Assay, 1852

Immunoglobulins, 1852

Indirect Antiglobulin (Coombs Indirect), 1853

Influenza A And B Tests, 1853

Insulin Autoantibodies, 1853

Insulin, Free, 1853

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) (Serum), 1853

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II, 1853

International Normalized Ratio (INR), 1853

Intrinsic Factor Antibodies, 1854

Iron (Serum), 1854

Iron-Binding Capacity, Total (TIBC), 1854

Iron Saturation (% Transferrin Saturation), 1854

Lactate (Blood), 1854

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), 1855

Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes, 1855 Lactose Tolerance Test (Serum), 1855

Lap Score, 1855

Lead, 1855

LDH, 1855

LDL, 1855

Legionella Pneumophila PCR, 1855

Legionella Titer, 1855

Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase (LAP), 1855

Leukocyte Count, 1857

Lipase, 1857

Lipoprotein(a), 1857

Lipoprotein Cholesterol, High-Density, 1857

Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Low-Density, 1857

Liver Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies

(LKM1), 1857

LKM1, 1857

Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol, 1857

Lupus Anticoagulant, 1857

Luteinizing Hormone, 1857

Lyme Disease Antibody Titer, 1857

Lymphocytes, 1857

Magnesium (Serum), 1859

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), 1860

Metanephrines, Urine, 1860

Methylmalonic Acid (Serum), 1860

Mitochondrial Antibody (AMA), 1860

Monocyte Count, 1860

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae PCR, 1860

Myelin Basic Protein, Cerebrospinal Fluid, 1860

Myoglobin, Urine, 1860

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae PCR, 1861

Neutrophil Count, 1861

Norepinephrine, 1861

5’-Nucleotidase, 1861

Osmolality (Serum), 1863

Osmolality, Urine, 1863

Osmotic Fragility Test, 1863

Paracentesis Fluid, 1865

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), 1865

Parietal Cell Antibodies, 1865

Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT),

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time

(APTT), 1865 Pepsinogen I, 1865 pH, Blood, 1865 pH, Urine, 1865 Phenobarbital, 1865

Phenytoin (Dilantin), 1865

Phosphatase, Acid, 1865

Phosphatase, Alkaline, 1865

Phosphate (Serum), 1865

Plasminogen, 1866

Platelet Aggregation, 1866

Platelet Antibodies, 1866

Platelet Count, 1866

Platelet Function Analysis 100 Assay (PFA), 1868

Pleural Fluid, 1868

Potassium (Serum), 1869

Potassium, Urine, 1872

Procainamide, 1872

Progesterone (Serum), 1872

Prolactin, 1872

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), 1872

Prostatic Acid Phosphatase, 1872

Protein (Serum), 1872

Protein C Assay, 1872

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum), 1872

Protein S Assay, 1873

Prothrombin Time (PT), 1873

Protoporphyrin (Free Erythrocyte), 1873

PSA, 1874

PT, 1874

PTH, 1874

PTT, 1874

Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR), 1874 RDW, 1874

Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count, 1874

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW), 1874

Red Blood Cell Folate, 1874

Red Blood Cell Mass (Volume), 1875

Red Blood Cell Morphology, 1875

Renin (Serum), 1875

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Screen, 1875

Reticulocyte Count, 1876 Rheumatoid Factor, 1878

RNP, 1878

RPR, 1878

Rotavirus Serology, 1878

Sed Rate, 1878

Sedimentation Rate, 1878

Semen Analysis, 1878

SGOT, 1878

SGPT, 1878

Sickle Cell Test, 1878

Smooth Muscle Antibody, 1878

Sodium (Serum), 1878

Streptozyme, 1880

Sucrose Hemolysis Test (Sugar Water Test), 1880

Sudan III Stain (Qualitative Screening For Fecal Fat), 1880

Synovial Fluid Analysis, 1880

T3 (Triiodothyronine), 1881

T3 Resin Uptake (T3ru), 1881

T4, Free (Free Thyroxine), 1881

T4, Serum T4, 1882

Tegretol, 1882

Testosterone (Total Testosterone), 1882

Theophylline, 1883

Thoracentesis Fluid, 1883 Thrombin Time (TT), 1883

Thyroglobulin, 1883

Thyroid Microsomal Antibodies, 1883

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), 1883

Thyrotropin (TSH) Receptor Antibodies, 1883

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Stimulation Test, 1883

Thyroxine (T4), 1883

TIBC, 1883

Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, 1883

Transferrin, 1883

Triglycerides, 1883

Triiodothyronine, 1883

Troponins (Serum), 1883

TSH, 1885

TT, 1885

Tuberculin Test (PPD), 1885

Unconjugated Bilirubin, 1885

Urea Nitrogen, Blood (BUN), 1885

Uric Acid (Serum), 1885

Urinalysis, 1886

Urine Amylase, 1886

Urine Bile, 1886

Urine Calcium, 1886

Urine Camp, 1886

Urine Catecholamines, 1886

Urine Chloride, 1887

Urine Copper, 1887

Urine Cortisol, Free, 1887

Urine Creatinine (24 Hr), 1887

Urine Crystals, 1887

Urine Eosinophils, 1887

Urine Glucose (Qualitative), 1887

Urine Hemoglobin, Free, 1887

Urine Hemosiderin, 1887

Urine 5-hydroxyindole-Acetic Acid (URINE

5-HIAA), 1887

Urine Indican, 1887

Urine Ketones (Semiquantitative), 1888

Urine Metanephrines, 1888

Urine Myoglobin, 1888

Urine Nitrite, 1888

Urine Occult Blood, 1888

Urine Osmolality, 1888 Urine Ph, 1888

Urine Phosphate, 1888

Urine Potassium, 1888

Urine Protein (Quantitative), 1889

Urine Sediment, 1889

Urine Sodium (Quantitative), 1889

Urine Specific Gravity, 1889

Urine Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA), 1889

Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Serology, 1891

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP), 1891

VDRL, 1891

Viscosity (Serum), 1891 Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin), 1891

Vitamin D, 1,25 Dihydroxy Calciferol, 1891

Vitamin K, 1891

Von Willebrand Factor, 1891 

SECTION V Clinical Practice Guidelines

PART A • T HE PERIODIC HEALTH

EXAMINATION Age-Specific Charts, 1899

TABLE 1 Birth to 10 Years, 1899

TABLE 2 Ages 11 to 24 Years, 1901

TABLE 3 Ages 25 to 64 Years, 1903

TABLE 4 Ages 65 and Older, 1905

TABLE 5 Pregnant Women, 1907

TABLE 6 Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines, 1908

PART B • IMMUNIZATIONS AND CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS

Childhood and Adolescent Immunizations, 1909

TABLE 7 Recommended Immunization

Schedule for Children and Adolescents

Aged 18 Years or Younger–United

States, 1909

TABLE 8 Catch-Up Immunization

Schedule for Persons Aged 4 Months

Through 18 Years Who Start Late or

Who Are More Than 1 Month

Behind–United States, 1910

General Recommendations on Immunization, 1915

TABLE 9 Recommended and Minimum

Ages and Intervals between Vaccine

Doses, 1915

TABLE 10 Guidelines for Spacing of Live and Inactivated Antigens, 1916

TABLE 11 Guidelines for Administering Antibody-Containing Products and

Vaccines, 1916

TABLE 12 Recommended Intervals between Administration of AntibodyContaining Products and Measles- or

Varicella-Containing Vaccine, by

Product and Indication for Vaccination, 1917

TABLE 13 Contraindications and

Precautions to Commonly Used

Vaccines, 1918

TABLE 14 Conditions Commonly

Misperceived as Contraindications to

Vaccinations 1920

Vaccine Administration, 1922

TABLE 15 Treatment of Anaphylaxis in Children and Adults with Drugs Administered Intramuscularly or Orally

TABLE 16 Vaccination of Persons with Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies, 1923

TABLE 17 Immunization for Pediatric Oncology Patients, 1924

TABLE 18 Approaches to the Evaluation and Vaccination of Persons Vaccination Outside the United States Who Have No

(or Questionable) Vaccination Records, 1925

Immunization for Adults, 1926

TABLE 19 Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or

Older by Age Group, United States, 1927

TABLE 20A Recommended Immunization

Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or

Older by Medical Condition and Other

Indications, United States, 1928

TABLE 20B Contraindications and Precautions for Vaccines Recommended for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older, 1931

TABLE 21 Immunization and Pregnancy, 1932

TABLE 22 Immunizing Agents and

Immunization Schedule for Health Care

Workers (HCWs), 1933

TABLE 23 Recommendations for Persons with Medical Conditions Requiring Special Vaccination Considerations, 1936

TABLE 24 Vaccinations for International Travel, 1937

Recommendations and Implementation

Strategies for Hepatitis B Vaccination of

Adults, 1938

BOX 1 Adults Recommended to Receive Hepatitis B Vaccination, 1938

BOX 2 Hepatitis B Vaccine Schedules for Adults (Aged ≥20 yr), 1938

TABLE 25 Recommended Doses of Currently

Licensed Formulations of Adult Hepatitis

B Vaccine by Group and Vaccine Type, 1939

TABLE 26 Recommended HIV/AIDS,

Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), and

Viral Hepatitis Prevention Services by

Risk Population, 1939

TABLE 27 Guidelines for Postexposure

Prophylaxis of Persons with

Nonoccupational Exposures to Blood or Body Fluids That Contain Blood by Exposure Type and Vaccination

Status, 1940

TABLE 28 Typical Interpretation of Serologic

Test Results for Hepatitis B Virus Infection, 1940

Hepatitis A Prophylaxis, 1941

TABLE 29 Recommended Dosages of Hepatitis A Immune Globulin, 1941

TABLE 30 Licensed Dosages of Hepatitis A Vaccines, 1941

Influenza Treatment and Prophylaxis, 1942

BOX 3 Summary of Seasonal Influenza

Vaccination Recommendations, 1942

TABLE 31 Live, Attenuated Influenza

Vaccine (LAIV) Compared with Inactivated

Influenza Vaccine (TIV) for Seasonal

Influenza, United States Formulations, 1943

Indications for Use of Antivirals, 1944

HIV Testing and Postexposure Prophylaxis, 1946

Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant

Women, 1946

FIGURE 7 Algorithm for Evaluation and

Treatment of Possible Nonoccupational HIV Exposure, 1948

TABLE 32 HIV Exposure, Estimated Per-Act Risk, 1948

TABLE 33 Recommended Postexposure

Prophylaxies (PEP) for all Occupational Exposures to Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 1949

TABLE 34 Antiretroviral Therapy

Medications, Adult Dosage, and Side

Effects, 1950

TABLE 35 Laboratory Tests Generally

Recommended for Persons after

Exposure to HIV, 1951

BOX 4 Situations for which Expert

Consultation for HIV Postexposure

Prophylaxis Is Advised, 1951

BOX 5 Occupational Exposure

Management Resources, 1952

BOX 6 Management of Occupational Blood Exposures, 1952

Endocarditis Prophylaxis, 1953

TABLE 36 Cardiac Conditions Associated with the Highest Risk of Adverse Outcome from Endocarditis for Which

Prophylaxis with Dental Procedures Is

Recommended, 1953

TABLE 37 Dental Procedures for

Which Endocarditis Prophylaxis Is

Recommended for Patients in

Table 36, 1953

TABLE 38 Regimens for a Dental Procedure, 1953

TABLE 39 Summary of Major Changes in Updated Recommendations, 1954

Hepatitis C Testing, 1955

BOX 7 Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Infection and HCV-Related Chronic

Diseases, 1955

FIGURE 8 Analytic Framework for Guiding

HCV Testing Among Persons Born

During 1945-1965, 1956

Hepatitis B Virus Postexposure Protection for Health Care Personnel, 1957

TABLE 40 Postexposure Management of Health Care Personnel After Occupational Percutaneous and

Mucosal Exposure to Blood and Body

Fluids, by Health Care Personnel HepB

Vaccination and Response Status, 1957 

Additional PTGs Available at ExpertConsult.com

Not Linked to Topics in Section I

Achilles Tendonitis

Acquired Polyneuropathy

Amphetamine Abuse

Anal Cancer

Aortic Valve Disease

Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Other Pain Medication (Child)

Atypical Pneumonia

Back Pain

Bartholin Cyst

Blisters

Boils

Brain Trauma

Bundle Branch Block

Cardiac Pacemaker and Defibrillator

Cervical Radiculopathy

Cervical Spondylosis

Children’s Vitamins

Chronic Renal Failure

Cleft Lip and Palate

Coarctation of the Aorta

Colic

Common Cold

Complications of Bariatric Surgery

Constipation

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Cystitis

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Diagnostic Heart Catheterization

Diaper Rash

Dietary Fiber

Dry Eye

Ear Ache

Elbow Dislocation

Ensuring Your Child’s Safety

Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Epilepsy

Excessive Perspiration

Exercises and Cardiovascular Health

Femoral Hernia

Finger Sprain

Flue Vaccination

Food-Borne Intestinal Protozoan Infections

Forgetfulness

Gangrene

Gastroparesis and Gastric Motility Disorders

Gluten-Free Diet

Groin Strain

Halitosis

Hamstring Strain

Healthy Diet as a Teenager

Hearing Loss

Hernia

High Triglycerides

Hip Pain

Hydration (for athletes)

Hypoglycemia in Diabetes

Ingrown Toenail

Inguinal Hernia

Intussusception

Jellyfish and Other Marine Animals Stings and Bites

Kegel Exercises

Knee Sprain

Knee Swelling

Legionnaires’ Disease

Lipoma

Liver Transplantation

Low Back Pain

Low Back Strain

Lumbosacral Radiculopathy

Microscopic Colitis

Mitral Valve Disease

Morning Sickness

Mouth and Tooth Care

Multivitamins

Neck Pain

Neck Strain

Night Terrors

Nutrition (for athletes)

Osteoarthritis of the Hip

Patellar Tendinitis

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Peripheral Neuropathy

Phymosis and Paraphymosis

Pneumoconiosis

Poor Circulation

Porphyria

Prediabetes

Premature Ventricular Contractions Probiotics

Providing Your Child Good Nutrition

Puberty

Pulmonary Hypertension and

Thromboembolic Disease

Pyloric Stenosis

Radial Neuropathy

Rectal Cancer

Rotavirus Infections

SARS

Sciatica

Shin Splints

Shoulder Dislocation

Sleep Disorder and Heart Disease

Slipped Disc

Smoke Inhalation

Smoking

Spinal Cord Trauma

Stress Test Used to Predict Heart Attack Risk

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Sun Poisoning

Surgical Site (Surgical Wound) Infections

Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Diuretic Hormone

Tendinitis

Tinea Infections

Tuberculosis

Ulnar Neuropathy

Vaginal Dryness

Vertigo

Vomiting

Warfarin Therapy

Wrist Fracture

Fred F. Ferri, MD,, Clinical Professor, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA