Diagnostic Imaging: Spine, 4th Edition

Congenital and Genetic Disorders    
 Congenital    
1 Normal Anatomical Variations    
2 Normal Anatomy    
3 Measurement Techniques    
4 MR Artifacts    
5 Normal Variant    
6 Craniovertebral Junction Variants    
7 Ponticulus Posticus    
8 Ossiculum Terminale    
9 Conjoined Nerve Roots    
10 Limbus Vertebra    
11 Filum Terminale Fibrolipoma    
12 Bone Island    
13 Ventriculus Terminalis    
 Chiari Disorders    
14 Chiari 0    
15 Chiari 1    
16 Complex Chiari    
17 Chiari 2    
18 Chiari 3    
 Abnormalities of Neurulation    
19 Approach to Spine and Spinal Cord Development    
20 Myelomeningocele    
21 Lipomyelomeningocele    
22 Lipoma    
23 Dorsal Dermal Sinus    
24 Simple Coccygeal Dimple    
25 Dermoid Cysts    
26 Epidermoid Cysts    
 Anomalies of the Caudal Cell Mess    
27 Tethered Spinal Cord    
28 Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis    
29 Caudal Regression Syndrome    
30 Terminal Myelocystocele    
31 Anterior Sacral Meningocele    
32 Sacral Extradural Arachnoid Cyst     
33 Sacrococcygeal Teratoma    
 Anomalies of Notochord and Vertebral Formation    
34 Craniovertebral Junction Embryology    
35 Paracondylar Process    
36 Split Atlas    
37 Klippel-Feil Spectrum    
38 Failure of Vertebral Formation    
39 Vertebral Segmentation Failure    
40 Split Cord Malformation (formerly diastematomyelia)    
41 Partial Vertebral Duplication    
42 Incomplete Fusion, Posterior Element    
43 Neurenteric Cyst    
 Developmental Abnormalities    
44 Os Odontoideum    
45 Lateral Meningocele     
46 Dorsal Spinal Meningocele    
47 Dural Dysplasia    
48 Genetic Disorders    
49 Neurofibromatosis Type 1    
50 Neurofibromatosis Type 2    
51 Schwannomatosis    
52 Achondroplasia    
53 Mucopolysaccharidoses    
54 Sickle Cell Disease    
55 Osteogenesis Imperfecta    
56 Tuberous Sclerosis    
57 Osteopetrosis    
58 Gaucher Disease    
59 Ochronosis    
60 Connective Tissue Disorders    
61 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia    
DEL Thanatophoric Dwarfism    
 Scoliosis and Kyphosis    
62 Introduction to Scoliosis    
63 Scoliosis    
64 Kyphosis    
65 Degenerative Scoliosis    
66 Flat Back Syndrome    
67 Scoliosis Instrumentation    
 Trauma    
68 Vertebral Column, Discs, and Paraspinal Muscle    
69 Fracture Classification    
70 Atlantooccipital Dislocation    
71 Ligamentous Injury    
72 Occipital Condyle Fracture    
73 Jefferson C1 Fracture    
74 Atlantoaxial Rotatory Fixation    
75 Odontoid C2 Fracture    
76 Burst C2 Fracture    
77 Hangman's C2 Fracture    
78 Apophyseal Ring Fracture    
79 Cervical Hyperflexion Injury    
80 Cervical Hyperextension Injury    
81 Cervical Hyperextension-Rotation Injury    
82 Cervical Burst Fracture     
83 Cervical Hyperflexion-Rotation Injury    
84 Cervical Lateral Flexion Injury    
85 Cervical Posterior Column Injury    
86 Traumatic Disc Herniation    
87 Thoracic and Lumbar Burst Fracture    
88 Facet-Lamina Thoracolumbar Fracture    
89 Fracture Dislocation    
90 Chance Fracture    
91 Thoracic and Lumbar Hyperextension Injury    
92 Anterior Compression Fracture     
93 Lateral Compression Fracture    
94 Lumbar Facet-Posterior Fracture    
95 Sacral Traumatic Fracture    
96 Pedicle Stress Fracture    
97 Sacral Insufficiency Fracture    
 Cord, Dura, and Vessels    
98 SCIWORA    
99 Post-Traumatic Syrinx    
100 Presyrinx Edema    
101 Spinal Cord Contusion-Hematoma    
102 Idiopathic Spinal Cord Herniation    
103 Central Spinal Cord Syndrome    
104 Traumatic Dural Tear    
105 Traumatic Epidural Hematoma    
106 Traumatic Subdural Hematoma    
107 Vascular Injury, Cervical    
108 Traumatic Arteriovenous Fistula    
109 Wallerian Degeneration    
 Degenerative Diseases and Arthritides    
 Degenerative Diseases    
110 Nomenclature of Degenerative Disc Disease    
111 Degenerative Disc Disease    
112 Degenerative Endplate Changes    
113 Degenerative Arthritis of the CVJ    
114 Disc Bulge    
115 Anular Fissure, Intervertebral Disc    
116 Cervical Intervertebral Disc Herniation     
117 Thoracic Intervertebral Disc Herniation    
118 Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation    
119 Intervertebral Disc Extrusion, Foraminal    
120 Cervical Facet Arthropathy    
121 Lumbar Facet Arthropathy    
122 Facet Joint Synovial Cyst    
123 Baastrup Disease    
124 Bertolotti Syndrome    
125 Schmorl Node    
126 Scheuermann Disease    
127 Acquired Lumbar Central Stenosis     
128 Congenital Spinal Stenosis     
129 Cervical Spondylosis    
130 DISH    
131 OPLL    
132 Ossification Ligamentum Flavum    
133 Periodontoid Pseudotumor    
 Spondylolisthesis and Spondylolysis    
134 Spondylolisthesis    
135 Spondylolysis    
136 Instability    
 Inflammatory, Crystalline, and Miscellaneous Arthritides    
137 Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis    
138 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis    
139 Spondyloarthropathy    
140 Neurogenic (Charcot) Arthropathy    
141 Hemodialysis Spondyloarthropathy    
142 Ankylosing Spondylitis    
143 CPPD    
144 Gout    
145 Longus Colli Calcific Tendinitis    
 Infection and Inflammatory Disorders    
 Infections    
146 Pathways of Spread    
147 Spinal Meningitis    
148 Pyogenic Osteomyelitis    
149 Tuberculous Osteomyelitis    
150 Fungal and Miscellaneous Osteomyelitis    
151 Osteomyelitis, C1-C2    
152 Brucellar Spondylitis    
153 Septic Facet Joint Arthritis    
154 Paraspinal Abscess    
155 Epidural Abscess    
156 Subdural Abscess    
157 Abscess, Spinal Cord    
158 Viral Myelitis    
159 HIV Myelitis    
160 Syphilitic Myelitis    
161 Opportunistic Infections    
162 Echinococcosis    
163 Schistosomiasis    
164 Cysticercosis    
 Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders      
165 Acute Transverse Myelopathy    
166 Idiopathic Acute Transverse Myelitis    
167 Multiple Sclerosis    
168 Neuromyelitis Optica SPECTRUM DISORDER    
169 ADEM    
170 Guillain-Barré Syndrome    
171 CIDP    
172 Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Os

Jeffrey S. Ross, MD, Consultant, Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Professor of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona and Kevin R. Moore, MD, Pediatric Radiologist and Neuroradiologist, Intermountain Pediatric Imaging, Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah