Rapid Response Situations, 1st Edition

         Introduction          1       Cardiac Emergencies          Syncope          Acute decompensated heart failure          Acute coronary syndrome          Cardiogenic shock          Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response          Hypertensive emergency with encephalopathy          Hypertensive emergency with hemorrhagic stroke          Hypertensive emergency with acute aortic dissection          Acute pericarditis          Acute cardiac tamponade 2       Respiratory Emergencies          Acute asthma exacerbation/status asthmaticus          Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation           Aspiration pneumonitis            Life-Threatening hemoptysis           ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome)            Massive pulmonary embolism           Severe acute atelectasis           Spontaneous pneumothorax           Tension pneumothorax           Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure due to oversedation           Acute partial upper airway obstruction           Acute complete upper airway obstruction           Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis exacerbation           Acute pulmonary arterial hypertension           Anaphylaxis           Acute nonhistaminergic angioedema 3        Neurological Emergencies           Seizure/status epilepticus           Acute ischemic stroke           Acute hemorrhagic stroke           Acute intracranial pressure           Delirium/agitation in intensive care unit/hospital wards           Myasthenic crisis           Guillain-Barre syndrome           Serotonin syndrome           Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 4        Gastrointestinal Emergencies           Upper gastrointestinal bleeding           Lower gastrointestinal bleeding           Acute liver failure           Severe acute pancreatitis           Acute ischemic colitis           Acute mesenteric ischemia 5        Endocrine Emergencies           Severe diabetic ketoacidosis           Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state           Hyperthyroidism/Thyroid storm           Hypothyroidism/Myxedema coma           Acute adrenal (Addisonian) crisis           Hypercalcemic crisis           Hypocalcemic crisis           Acute severe hypernatremia           Acute severe hyponatremia           Acute severe hyperkalemia           Acute severe hypokalemia 6        Hematologic Emergencies           Acute blood transfusion reaction – febrile nonhemolytic reaction           Urticarial allergic reaction           Acute blood transfusion reaction – transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO)           Acute blood transfusion reaction – transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)           Acute blood transfusion reaction – anaphylactic reaction           Acute blood transfusion reaction – acute hemolytic reaction           Acute heparin induced thrombocytopenia           Disseminated intravascular coagulation           Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell diseases           Acute immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)           Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)           Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) 7        Oncologic Emergencies

         Tumor lysis syndrome           Severe hypercalcemia of malignancy           Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)           Febrile neutropenia           Acute hyperviscosity syndrome           Superior vena cava syndrome           Malignant epidural spinal cord compression           Rapidly accumulating pericardial effusion 8        Infectious Disease Emergencies           Sepsis and septic shock           Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia           Hypovolemic shock due to acute infectious diarrheal illness           Acute respiratory failure due to Influenza virus infection           Acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) pneumonia 9        Management of Postprocedural Complications in Hospitalized Patients           Tracheostomy basics           Short-term tracheostomy complication (<7 days): accidental dislodgement/decannulation (removal) of the tracheostomy tube           Short-term tracheostomy complication (<7 days): tracheostomy site hemorrhage           Long-term tracheostomy complication (>7 days): blockage of the tracheostomy tube           Long-term tracheostomy complication (> 7 days): accidental dislodgement/decannulation (removal) of the tracheostomy tube           Long-term tracheostomy complication (> 7 days): tracheoesophageal fistula           Long-term tracheostomy complication (> 7 days): tracheoinnominate fistula           Cardiac catheterization complication: hematoma at the access site at common femoral artery           Cardiac catheterization complication: retroperitoneal hematoma           Cardiac catheterization complication: contrast-induced nephropathy           Cardiac catheterization complication: pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula and femoral artery occlusion           Cardiac catheterization complication: anaphylactoid reactions           Complication of paracentesis: paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction           Complication of paracentesis: persistent leakage of ascitic fluid from puncture site           Complication of paracentesis: hemorrhage           Complication of paracentesis: visceral perforation (bladder, stomach, bowel)           Complications of thoracentesis: pneumothorax           Complication of thoracentesis: hemothorax           Complication of thoracentesis: infection/empyema           Complication of thoracentesis: liver/spleen injury           Complication of lumbar puncture: post-LP headache           Complication of lumbar puncture: spinal hematoma           Complication of lumbar puncture: cerebral herniation 10      Rapid Response Cases           Case I           Case II           Case III           Case IV           Case V