Diagnostic Pathology: Cytopathology, 4th Edition

SECTION 1: GYNECOLOGIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
OVERVIEW
Pap Test and Cervical Cancer Screening: History and Reporting Terminology
Cytopreparation, Instrumentation, and Automated Screening in Gynecologic Cytology
Specimen Adequacy in Cervicovaginal Cytology

BENIGN AND INFECTIOUS CONDITIONS
Normal Pap Test
Infectious and Other Organisms in Pap Tests
Nonneoplastic Findings, Mimics, and Artifacts

SQUAMOUS CELL ABNORMALITIES AND MIMICS
Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion and Mimics
High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion and Mimics
Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance
Atypical Squamous Cells, Cannot Rule Out High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cervix

GLANDULAR CELL ABNORMALITIES
Endocervical Adenocarcinoma In Situ, Variants and Mimics
Endocervical HPV-Dependent Invasive Adenocarcinoma
Endocervical HPV-Independent Gastric Type Adenocarcinoma
Endometrial Cancers in Pap Tests
Atypical Glandular Cells: Endocervicals, Endometrials, and Glandulars, NOS
Endometrial Cells in Pap Test and Glandular Cells Status Post Hysterectomy

EXTRAUTERINE CARCINOMAS AND OTHER MALIGNANCIES OF FEMALE GENITAL TRACT
Extrauterine Cancers in Pap Tests
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Cervix
Other Uncommon Malignancies in Pap Tests

MOLECULAR TESTING IN GYNECOLOGIC CYTOLOGY
HPV and Other Molecular Testing in Gynecologic Cytology

DIRECTLY SAMPLED ENDOMETRIAL CYTOLOGY
Directly Sampled Endometrial Cytology

ANAL CYTOLOGY
Anal Cytology

SECTION 2: EXFOLIATIVE CYTOPATHOLOGY
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Specimen Types in Respiratory Cytology and Adequacy Criteria
Parasitic Infections
Viral Infections
Esophagitis and Barrett Esophagus
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Gastritis and Intestinal Metaplasia
Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Gastric Lymphoma
Glomus Tumor
Ampulla/Bile Duct/Pancreatic Duct Reactive Changes
Ampulla/Bile Duct/Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma
Colorectal Adenoma/Carcinoma
Neuroendocrine Tumor/Carcinoma
Spindle Cell Neoplasms of Gastrointestinal Tract, Including Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
Normal Cerebrospinal Fluid and Contamination by Normal Elements
Infectious Meningitis
Aseptic and Mollaret Meningitis
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Primary Brain Tumors
Leukemia and Lymphoma
Metastasis in Cerebrospinal Fluid

PLEURAL, PERITONEAL, PERICARDIAL, AND PELVIC FLUID AND WASHINGS
Normal Cellular Components, Reactive Mesothelial Proliferations, and Reporting Terminology
Infectious Conditions
Autoimmune Diseases
Mesothelioma in Effusions and Fine Needle Cytology
Malignant Effusion, Carcinomas
Metastatic Sarcomas in Effusions and Washings
Lymphoid Effusions and Secondary Involvement by Hematopoietic Neoplasms
Primary Effusion Lymphoma
Endometriosis and Endosalpingiosis
Ovarian Neoplasms
Immunocytochemistry, Histochemistry, and Other Ancillary Techniques

URINARY CYTOLOGY
Normal Urinary Cytology, Specimen Types, and Reporting Terminology
Ileal Conduit Specimens
Noninfectious Benign Conditions
Infectious Benign Conditions
Reactive Urothelial Changes
Low-Grade Urothelial Lesions
Atypical Urothelial Cells
High-Grade Urothelial Cancer
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder
Adenocarcinoma of Urinary Bladder
Other Malignancies in Urinary Cytology
Renal Pelvic Cytology
Ancillary Testing, UroVysion, and Others

SECTION 3: FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION, SUPERFICIAL
OVERVIEW
Superficial Aspiration Technique

THYROID GLAND
Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration
Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Reporting Terminology and Specimen Adequacy
Thyroid Follicular Nodular Disease
Chronic Lymphocytic/Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Granulomatous Thyroiditis
Graves Disease/Diffuse Toxic Goiter
Pigmented Thyroid Lesions and Crystals
Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance
Follicular Neoplasm/Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm
Oncocytic Follicular Neoplasm in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Classic Subtype
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Subtypes
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Thyroid Lymphoma
Metastatic Carcinoma to Thyroid
Other Thyroid and Perithyroidal Lesions Encountered in Fine-Needle Aspiration

PARATHYROID GLAND
Parathyroid Cyst, Adenoma, and Carcinoma

LYMPH NODES

Overview
Lymph Node Aspiration: Indications, Techniques, and Reporting
FNA Sample Prep and Triage in Evaluating Suspected Lymphoma

Benign, Infectious, and Reactive Hyperplasia
Inflammatory and Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia
Granulomatous Lymphadenitis, Infectious and Sarcoid
Rosai-Dorfman Disease

Metastatic Malignancies
HPV-Mediated Carcinomas in Neck Lymph Nodes
Metastatic Melanoma
Other Metastatic Malignancies Encountered in
Lymph Node Fine-Needle Aspiration

Nodal B-Cell Lymphoma
Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma
Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma
Follicular Lymphoma
Burkitt Lymphoma
Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Extranodal B-Cell Lymphoma
Plasmacytoma
Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Plasmablastic Lymphoma

T-Cell Lymphoma
Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
Mycosis Fungoides
Angioimmunoblastic Lymphoma
ALK(+) Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Hodgkin Lymphoma
Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

EYE
Approach to Ophthalmic Cytology
Infections in Ophthalmic Cytopathology
Neoplasms in Ophthalmic Cytopathology

SALIVARY GLAND

Overview
Approach to Interpretation of Salivary Gland
Aspiration Biopsies and Reporting Terminology (Milan System)

Benign Lesions
Normal Salivary Gland and Sialadenitis on Aspiration
Cysts
Pleomorphic Adenoma
Warthin Tumor
Myoepithelioma
Salivary Gland Oncocytoma

Michael J. Thrall, MD, Cytopathology Fellowship Director, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA, Savitri Krishnamurthy, MD, Professor of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA and Yimin Ge