Adrenal Disorders, 1st Edition

Section A. Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Mass
Case #1: 45-Year Old Woman with an Incidentally Discovered Large Adrenal Mass
Case #2: Adrenal Mass in a Patient with History of Extra-adrenal Malignancy: the Role of Imaging
Case #3: Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Mass in a Patient with History of Extra-adrenal Malignancy: the Role of Adrenal Biopsy
Case #4: Nonfunctioning Lipid Rich Adrenocortical Adenoma—Role of Follow-up
Case #5: 54-Year Old Woman with an Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Mass and Abnormal Dexamethasone Suppression Test: Role of Adrenalectomy
Case #6: Lipid Poor Adrenal Masses—The Case for Aggressive Management

Section B. Primary Aldosteronism
Case #7: Primary Aldosteronism—When Adrenal Venous Sampling is not Needed Before Unilateral Adrenalectomy
Case #8: Primary Aldosteronism with Unilateral Adrenal Nodule on Computed Tomography
Case #9: Primary Aldosteronism with Bilateral Adrenal Nodules on Computed Tomography
Case #10: Primary Aldosteronism Caused by Unilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia
Case #11: Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient with Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia and Associated Clinically Important Cortisol Co-secretion
Case #12: Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient with an Adrenal Macroadenoma and Clinically Important Cortisol Co-secretion
Case #13: Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient Treated with Spironolactone
Case #14: Failed Catheterization of the Right Adrenal Vein—When Incomplete Adrenal Venous Sampling Data Can Be Used to Direct a Surgical Cure
Case #15: Primary Aldosteronism: When Adrenal Venous Sampling Shows Suppressed Aldosterone Secretion From Both Adrenal Glands

Section C. ACTH-Independent Cushing Syndrome
Case #16: 28-Year-Old Woman with Remote History of Adrenal Mass Presenting with New Onset Hypertension and Weight Gain
Case #17: 26-Year-Old Woman with a Discrepant Work-up for Cushing Syndrome Subtype
Case #18: 45-Year-Old Woman with Corticotropin-Independent Cushing Syndrome and Bilateral Adrenal Adenomas
Case #19: Corticotropin-Independent Cushing Syndrome in a Patient with “Normal” Adrenal Imaging
Case #20: 66-Year-Old Woman with Corticotropin-Independent Hypercortisolism and Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia
Case #21: 35-Year-Old Woman with Low Bone Density and Fractures
Case #22: Carney Triad (Pentad) and Adrenal Adenoma with Clinically Important Cortisol Secretory Autonomy
 

Section D. Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma and Oncocytic Neoplasm
Case #23: Adrenal cortical carcinoma in a patient with history of adrenal incidentaloma
Case #24: Unexpected Diagnosis of Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma: Role of Urinary Steroid Profiling
Case #25: Oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma
Case #26: Mitotane therapy in the ENSAT Stage II Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Case #27: Cortisol-Secreting Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma—Role for Surgical Debulking of the Primary Tumor
Case #28: Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Severe Cushing Syndrome
Case #29: Pure Aldosterone-Secreting Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Case #30: Long-standing Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient Diagnosed with Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Case #31: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Associated with Lynch Syndrome
Case #32: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Case #33: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Presenting with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus
Case #34: Management of Mitotane Therapy in Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Section E. Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
Case #35: Most Pheochromocytomas Grow Slowly
Case #36: The “Prebiochemical” Pheochromocytoma
Case #37: Huge Catecholamine-Secreting Tumor
Case#38: Metyrosine Use in a Patient with Metastatic Pheochromocytoma
Case #39: Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Case #40: New Diagnosis of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A in a Patient with Bilateral Pheochromocytomas
Case #41: Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with von Hippel Lindau Disease
Case #42: Bilateral Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with MYC-associated Protein X (MAX) Genetic Predisposition
Case #43: The Cystic Pheochromocytoma
Case #44: Skull Base and Neck Paragangliomas—Considerations for the Endocrinologist
Case #45: Cardiac Paraganglioma.
Case #46: Pheochromocytoma in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B
Case #47: Metastatic Paraganglioma—An Approach to Management and the Use Serial Imaging to Assess Rate of Tumor Progression
Case #48: Metastatic Pheochromocytoma—Role for 68-Ga DOTATATE PET CT
Case #49: Carney Triad (Pentad) and Catecholamine-Secreting Paragangliomas
Case #50: Metastatic Paraganglioma—Role For Systemic Chemotherapy
Case #51: Cryoablation Therapy for Metastatic Paraganglioma
Case #52: Paraganglioma in a patient with cyanotic cardiac disease
Case #53: Metastatic Paraganglioma—Role For External Beam Radiation Therapy
 

Section F. Corticotropin (ACTH)-Dependent Hypercortisolism
Case #54:ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome can be frequently misdiagnosed
Case #55: ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome—Role for Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling
Case #56: ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome—When Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling is Not Needed
Case #57: Severe ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome Due to a Pituitary Adenoma
Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B
Case #59: Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Treated with Cryoablation 
Case #60: Cyclical Ectopic Cushing Syndrome
Case #61: Mild Cushing Syndrome Associated with Ectopic Corticotropin Secretion
Case #62: Bilateral Adrenal Cryoablation in Corticotropin-dependent Cushing Syndrome
Case #63: Cushing Syndrome Associated with Ectopic Corticotropin and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secreting Pheochromocytoma
Case #64: Cushing Syndrome in the Setting of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

Section G. Other Adrenal Masses
Case #65: Adrenal Myelolipoma—A Computed Tomography Diagnosis
Case #66: Adrenal Schwannoma
Case #67: Trauma-Related Unilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage
Case #68: Bilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage
Case #69: Primary Adrenal Teratoma
Case #70: The Adrenal Stone
Case #71: Simple Adrenal Cyst
Case #72: Adrenal Cystic Lymphangioma
Case #73: Adrenal Hemangioma

William F. Young, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Tyson Family Endocrinology Clinical Professor; Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota and Irina Bancos, MD, Associate Professor, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota