Physical Diagnosis of Pain, 5th Edition

SECTION I: The Cervical Spine
1. Functional Anatomy of the Bony Cervical Spine
2. Functional Anatomy of the Cervical Intervertebral Disc
3. Nomenclature of the Diseased Cervical Disc
4. Painful Conditions Emanating From the Cervical Spine
5. Visual Inspection of the Cervical Spin
6. Palpation of the Cervical Spine
7. Physical Examination of the Cervical Spine Range of Motion
8. The Cervical Dermatomes
9. The C5 Neurologic Level
10. The C6 Neurologic Level
11. The C7 Neurologic Level
12. The C8 Neurologic Level
13. The Cervical Flexion Rotation Test for C1–C2 Joint Dysfunction
14. The Sharp-Purser Test for Atlantoaxial Joint Instability
15. The Rust Sign for Cervical Spine Instability
16. The Flexion Compression Test for Cervical Discogenic Disease
17. The Extension Compression Test for Cervical Discogenic Disease
18. The Spurling Test for Cervical Radiculopathy Secondary to Herniated Disc or Cervical Spondylosis
19. The Jackson Compression Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
20. The Distraction Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
21. The Shoulder Abduction Relief Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
22. The Neck Distraction Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
23. The Arm Squeeze Test for Distinguishing Cervical Radiculopathy From Shoulder Pathology
24. The Upper Limb Tension Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
25. The Shoulder Depression Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
26. The Valsalva Test for Cervical Radiculopathy
27. The Cervical Resisted Muscle Test for Cervical Strain
28. The O’Donoghue Test for Distinguishing Cervical Strain From Articular Dysfunction
29. The Jull Test for Assessment of Cervical Flexor Muscle Performance
30. The Deep Flexor Endurance Test to Assess Cervical Flexor Muscle Performance
31. The Hoffmann Test for Cervical Myelopathy
32. The Lhermitte Sign for Cervical Myelopathy
33. The Brudzinski Sign for Meningeal Irritation
34. The Linder Sign for Cervical Myelopathy
35. The Finger Flexion Reflex Test for Cervical Myelopathy

SECTION II: The Shoulder
36. Functional Anatomy of the Shoulder Joint
37. Visual Inspection of the Shoulder
38. Palpation of the Shoulder
39. External Rotation of the Shoulder
40. Internal Rotation of the Shoulder
41. Crossed-Arm Adduction of the Shoulder
42. Abduction of the Shoulder
43. Painful Conditions of the Shoulder
44. Shoulder Instability Syndromes
45. The Anterior Drawer Test
46. The Shift and Load Test for Shoulder Instability
47. The Apprehension Test for Anterior Shoulder Instability
48. The Jobe Relocation Test for Anterior Shoulder Instability
49. The Andrews Anterior Apprehension Test for Anterior Shoulder Instability
50. The Posterior Drawer Test for Posterior Shoulder Instability
51. The Jerk Test for Posterior Shoulder Instability
52. The Posterior Clunk Test for Posterior Shoulder Instability
53. The Sulcus Sign Test for Inferior Glenohumeral Instability
54. The Gagey Hyperabduction Test for Inferior Glenohumeral Instability
55. The John Feagin Test for Inferior Glenohumeral Instability
56. The Crank Test for Injury of the Labrum of the Glenohumeral Joint
57. The Keibler Anterior Slide Test for Superior Labral From Anterior to Posterior Tear Lesions
58. The Dynamic Labral Shear Test for Superior Labral From Anterior to Posterior Tear Lesions
59. The O’Brien Active Compression Test for Superior Labral From Anterior to Posterior Tear Lesions
60. An Overview of Shoulder Impingement Syndromes
61. The Neer Test for Shoulder Impingement Syndromes
62. The Hawkins Test for Shoulder Impingement Syndromes
63. The Gerber Subcoracoid Impingement Test
64. The Zaslav Rotation Resistance Test for Shoulder Impingement
65. Bicipital Tendinitis
66. The Speed Test for Bicipital Tendinitis
67. The Yergason Test for Bicipital Tendinitis
68. The Snap Test for Subluxing Biceps Tendon Syndrome
69. The Biceps Entrapment Test for Biceps Entrapment
70. The Gerber Lift-Off Test for Rupture of the Subscapularis Muscle
71. The Gerber Belly Press Test for Subscapularis Weakness
72. The Internal Rotation Lag Sign for Rupture of the Subscapularis Tendon
73. The Snapping Scapula Test
74. The Ludington Test for Ruptured Long Tendon of the Biceps
75. Reverse Popeye Sign for Rupture of the Distal Biceps Tendon
76. The Squeeze Test for Distal Rupture of the Biceps Tendon
77. The Hook Test for Rupture of the Distal Biceps Tendon
78. The Waldman Hanger Test for Ruptured Distal Biceps Tendon
79. The Supination Pronation Test for Rupture of the Distal Biceps Tendon
80. Clinical Correlates: Diseases of the Rotator Cuff
81. The Drop Arm Test for Complete Rotator Cuff Tear
82. The External Rotation Lag Sign for Rupture of the Supraspinatus or Infraspinatus Tendon
83. The Dawbarn Sign for Supraspinatus Tendinitis
84. The Empty Can Test for Supraspinatus Tendinopathy
85. The Jobe Supraspinatus Test
86. The Midarc Abduction Test for Infraspinatus Tendinitis
87. The External Rotation Stress Test for Impairment of the Infraspinatus and Teres Minor
Muscles
88. The Hornblower Test for Teres Minor Tear
89. The Drop Arm Test for Subdeltoid Bursitis
90. The Adduction Release Test for Subcoracoid Bursitis
91. The Adduction Stress Test for Acromioclavicular Joint Dysfunction
92. The Chin Adduction Test for Acromioclavicular Joint Dysfunction
93. The Paxino Test for Acromioclavicular Joint Dysfunctio
94. The Sergeant’s Chevron Test for Axillary Nerve Deficits
95. The Adson Maneuver for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
96. The Costoclavicular Test for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
97. The Hyperabduction Test for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
98. The Brachial Plexus Compression Test for Brachial Plexus Pain
99. The Brachial Plexus Tension Test for Brachial Plexus Pain
100. The Shoulder Depression Test for Brachial Plexus Pain
101. The Upper Limb Tension Test B for Compromise of the Median, Axillary, and Musculocutaneous Nerves
102. The Upper Limb Tension Test C Test for Compromise of the Radial Nerve
103. The Upper Limb Tension Test D for Cervical Radiculopathy and Compromise of the Ulnar Nerve

SECTION III: The Elbow
104. Functional Anatomy of the Elbow Joint
105. Visual Inspection of the Elbow
106. Palpation of the Elbow

Steven D. Waldman, MD, JD, Senior Vice Provost and Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO